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Studies on the removal of inter-fibrillary materials part 2: removal of protein, proteoglycan and glycosoaminoglycans from biobased pre-tanning process

2010; American Leather Chemists Association; Volume: 105; Issue: 6 Linguagem: Inglês

0002-9726

Balaraman Madhan, M. Dineshkumar, Jonnalagadda Raghava Rao, Balachandran Unni Nair,

Enzyme Production and Characterization

Eco-concerns are forcing the leather industry to shift itself from chemical based processing to bio-processing. The use of enzymes for unhairing and bating has been long established and well reported; but the use of ¦A-amylase for fiber opening is a recent development, which advocates the complete elimination of lime. Though the bio-based fiber opening process is established to be an eco-friendly alternative, it is essential to establish its effectiveness versus the conventional liming process by more objective methods. Hence in this work an attempt has been made for quantitative analysis of inter-fibrillary materials viz., proteins, proteoglycans and glycasoaminoglycans(GAGs) released from the skin matrix by the use of complete enzyme based beamhouse process, especially the effect of ¦A-amylase in beamhouse processes. It is observed that treatment of 2% ¦A-amylase for a time period of 180 min is sufficient for the removal of optimum amount of inter-fibrillary materials especially, proteoglycans. Matched pair comparison of experimental bio-based processing has been made with conventional lime based processing and it is observed that the removal of proteoglycans were comparable in both these processes. Also, the crust leathers processed from the matched pair beamhouse processes were compared for their organoleptic and strength characteristics. Both experimental bio-processed leather and conventionally processed control leather were observed to be comparable. This work further authenticates that a completely bio-based beamhouse process is not only eco-friendly but also results in a similar effect on the removal of inter-fibrillary material compared to conventional lime based process. Las preocupaciones ecol¨®gicas est¨¢n obligando a la industria del cuero a un cambio de ser un proceso qu¨amico a ser un bio-proceso. El uso de enzimas para el pelambre y rendido ha sido establecido hace tiempo con buenos resultados reportados, pero el uso de ¦A-amilasa para la apertura de las fibras es un desarrollo reciente, que aboga por la eliminaci¨®n completa de cal. Aunque la base biol¨®gica para el proceso de apertura de las fibras se cre¨® para ser una alternativa eco-amigable, es esencial para establecer su eficacia en comparaci¨®n con el proceso de encalado convencional empleando m¨¦todos m¨¢s objetivos. Por lo tanto, en este trabajo se ha utilizado el an¨¢lisis cuantitativo de materia interfibrilar como son prote¨anas, proteoglicanos y glicosaminoglicanos (GAG), obtenidos de la matriz de la piel, por el uso del proceso completo de pelambre basado en enzimas, en especial por el efecto de la ¦A-amilasa en los procesos de ribera. Se ha observado que el tratamiento con 2% de ¦A-amilasa durante un per¨aodo de tiempo de 180 minutos es suficiente para la eliminaci¨®n de una cantidad ¨®ptima de materiales interfibrilares, en particular, proteoglicanos. En una comparaci¨®n del bio-proceso experimental y el tratamiento convencional basado en cal, se observa que la eliminaci¨®n de los proteoglicanos fueron comparables en ambos procesos. Adem¨¢s, el cuero semiterminado elaborado a partir de ambos procesos de ribera equivalentes se compar¨® por sus caracter¨asticas organol¨¦pticas y f¨asicas. Tanto el proceso bio-experimental como el proceso convencional de control, se observaron como comparables. Este trabajo confirma adem¨¢s que una ribera basada en un bio-proceso no es solamente eco-amigable sino que resulta en un efecto de remoci¨®n de los materiales interfibrilares similar al proceso convencional a base de cal.