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Biotransformation of the Antibiotic Danofloxacin by Xylaria longipes Leads to an Efficient Reduction of Its Antibacterial Activity

2015; American Chemical Society; Volume: 63; Issue: 31 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1021/acs.jafc.5b02343

1520-5118

Marina Rusch, Annika Kauschat, Astrid Spielmeyer, Andreas Römpp, Heike Hausmann, Holger Zorn, Gerd Hamscher,

Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy

Fluoroquinolones are considered as critically important antibiotics. However, they are used in appreciable quantities in veterinary medicine. Liquid manure and feces can contain substantial amounts of unmetabolized antibiotics and, thus, antibiotics can enter the environment if manure is used for soil fertilization. In this study, the microbial biotransformation of the synthetic veterinary fluoroquinolone danofloxacin by the ascomycete Xylaria longipes was investigated. Fungal submerged cultures led to a regioselective and almost quantitative formation of a single metabolite within 3 days. The metabolite was unequivocally identified as danofloxacin N-oxide by high-resolution mass spectrometry and one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic techniques. An oxidation of the terminal nitrogen of the substituted piperazine moiety of the substance led to a remarkable reduction of 80% of the initial antibacterial activity. Thus, fungal enzymes involved in the biotransformation process might possess the potential to reduce the entrance of antibiotics via biotransformation of these compounds.