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Nucleon helicity and transversity parton distributions from lattice QCD

2016; Elsevier BV; Volume: 911; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2016.07.033

1873-1562

Jiunn-Wei Chen, Saul D. Cohen, Xiangdong Ji, Huey-Wen Lin, Jian-Hui Zhang,

High-Energy Particle Collisions Research

We present the first lattice-QCD calculation of the isovector polarized parton distribution functions (both helicity and transversity) using the large-momentum effective field theory (LaMET) approach for direct Bjorken-$x$ dependence. We first review the detailed steps of the procedure in the unpolarized case, then generalize to the helicity and transversity cases. We also derive a new mass-correction formulation for all three cases. We then compare the effects of each finite-momentum correction using lattice data calculated at $M_\pi\approx 310$ MeV. Finally, we discuss the implications of these results for the poorly known antiquark structure and predict the sea-flavor asymmetry in the transversely polarized nucleon.