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For taking a Tsuboi (_??_) Tsubo-ji temple (_??_) in Ancient Kawachi Country (_??_)

2006; Japanese Association of Indian and Buddhist Studies; Volume: 54; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.4259/ibk.54.839

1884-0051

Katsuhiko KOGA,

Japanese History and Culture

Priest Ryuko_??__??_'s tombstone is found in the following four places. (1) Toshodai-ji _??__??__??__??_, (2) Muro-ji _??__??__??_, (3) Otokuni-dera _??__??__??_, (4) the ruined Chosho-ji _??__??__??__??_. We can add (5) the ruined Tsubo-ji _??__??__??__??_ to this list.It is said that the Tsubo-ji which existed at Tsuboi _??__??_ in Kawachi _??__??__??_ began with an inn constructed in 1020 by Minamotono Yorinobu _??__??__??_, fourth son of Tada Mitsunaka _??__??__??__??_ and with the birth of his son Yoriyoshi _??__??_, his first son Yoshiie _??__??_, his second son Yoshitsuna _??__??_ and his third son Yoshimitsu _??__??_ it became the base of the main line of the Kawachi Genji _??__??__??__??_, with its main image a thousand-armed Kannon _??__??__??__??_, which Yorinobu _??__??_ obtained on his way to a hunt. This is the origin of this temple in 1043 with the establishment of a Kannon-do _??__??__??_ on the south side in his residence. After his retirement Yoriyoshi _??__??_ became a monk and established the Tsubo-ji. This place preserves the 3 tombstones of Yorinobu _??__??_, Yoriyoshi _??__??_ and Yoshiie _??__??_. But, there is a description of Yoshiie's _??__??_ fifth son Yoshitoki _??__??_ worshipping the souls of the aforementioned three generations, and establishing the Tsuboi-jinja _??__??__??__??_ in 1109, and establishing the Tsubo-ji in 1048 as the family memorial temple. If the latter date were closer to the former, it would be more pursuaslve.After that, three times it was burned in war. In more recent times it became the memorial temple of the Tokugawa _??__??_ clan founders, being rebuilt in the Genroku _??__??_ period (late 17th c.), the efforts of the Priest Ryuko _??__??_ being especially important.However, with the shogunate's collapse, this temple too became weak, In 1871 the temple lands were confiscated, and in 1873 the temple was abandoned to ruin, the buildings completely destroyed. The present-day gate and bell-tower are post-World War II restorations.At present there exists a Tsuboi-dera _??__??__??_, but this has no relation at all with Tsubo-ji.On September 3, 1514 in the Tsubo-ji, Shogu _??__??_ received the name Yugya _??__??_ from the twenty-second Yugyo, Igyo _??__??_, becoming the twenty-third Yugyo. In other words, at this time this was a temple of the Yugyo Jishu sect _??__??_.According to legend, Shinran's _??__??_ mother was the daughter of Minamotono Yoshiie's _??__??__??_ legitimate son Yoshichika _??__??_. There is a strange story which was created in recent times that it is possible she was born in the extension at Tsubo-ji. It is said that Yoshichika committed murder and mayhem hither and yon until subdued in January 1108 by Taira no Masamori _??__??__??_, grandfather of Taira no Kiyomori _??__??__??_. If we suppose this daughter was born in 1108, since Shinran was born in 1173, her mother would have given birth at age 65.