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Detection of mycobacteria in raw milk and assesment of risk factors among fulani herdsmen in Bwari Area Council, Abuja, Nigeria

2016; Elsevier BV; Volume: 45; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.554

1878-3511

Afiniki M. Usman, J. Kwagga, Khwaja Junaid, Ibrahim Abdulkadir,

Mycobacterium research and diagnosis

Background: Cross sectional study was carried out to detect mycobacteria in raw milk samples of from Fulani heards in Bwari Area council,Nigeria,ZN-stain technique,PCR and culture on LJ slants. Heard prevelence,Knowlede attidue with associated risk factors for transmission of zoonotic TB were evaluated using structured questionnires. Methods & Materials: Study Area Bwari area council (BAC) is one of the six area councils of the Federal capital territory. Located along cordinates 7° 8″ E and 9° 24″ N. Study Population: The pastoral Fulanis of Abuja are transhumant. They rear cattle,sheeps and Goats. Sampling: Milk samples were collected by cattle owner into 50ml sterile falcon tubes as part of there routine milk collection,labled and transported to the laboratory in cold chain. Samples were tested for M.bovis by PCR,ZN stain and cultured on LJ slants (figure 2). Results: One hundred and forty five samples were analyzed. Positive detection rates by ZN-staining and culture were 6.89% and 1.3% by PCR respectively. Herd prevalence per satellite town by ZN-stain technique were 8.89%, 10.00%, 3.33% and 5.00% for Bwari, Dei-Dei, Kubuwa and Ushafa respectively, while by culture they were 2.22%, 10.00%, 13.33% and 5.00% for Bwari, Dei-Dei, Kubuwa and Ushafa respectively. Herd prevalence by PCR for Bwari was 2.22% while that of Dei-Dei was 3.33%. Kubuwa and Ushafa had 0% prevalence each by PCR. Awareness level on cause and transmission mode of M.bovis from cattle to human through questionnaire revealed 64% (11/17) and 82% (14/17) were neither aware of the causative agent nor its zoonotic significance respectively. There was high risk of M,bovis transmission due to frequent raw milk consumption without boiling (OR = 5.76; CI= 1.32 – 25.18 and OR= 0.0947; CI = 0.0194 - 0.4619) with P < 0.05 respectively in the studied herds . Conclusion: Mycobacterium bovis was detected in cow's milk from Fulani herds of Bwari Area council, calls for implementation of public health control measures such as improved hygiene and milk pasteurization.