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The Frequency and Type of K-RAS Mutations in Mexican Patients With Colorectal Cancer

2014; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; Volume: 40; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1097/coc.0000000000000143

1537-453X

Susana G. Cárdenas-Ramos, Gregorio Antonio Alcazar-González, Luisa Ma. Reyes, Abdiel A. Torres-Grimaldo, Ana Laura Calderón‐Garcidueñas, José Morales-Casas, Patricia Flores‐Sánchez, Raúl De León-Escobedo, Antonio Gómez-Díaz, Carmen Moreno-Bringas, Jorge Sánchez-Guillén, Pedro Ramos-Salazar, César González-de León, Hugo A. Barrera‐Saldaña,

Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics

Background: Current metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) therapy uses monoclonal antibodies against the epidermal growth factor receptor. This treatment is only useful in the absence of K-RAS gene mutations; therefore the study of such mutations is part of a personalized treatment. The aim of this work is to determine the frequency and type of the most common K-RAS mutations in Mexican patients with metastatic disease by nucleotide sequencing. Patients and Methods: We studied 888 patients with mCRC from different regions of Mexico. The presence of mutations in exon 2, codons 12 and 13, of the K-RAS gene was determined by nucleotide sequencing. Results: Patients exhibited K-RAS gene mutations in 35% (310/888) of cases. Mutation frequency of codons 12 and 13 was 71% (221/310) and 29% (89/310), respectively. The most common mutation (45.7%) in codon 12 was c.35G>A (p.G12D), whereas the one in codon 13 was c.38G>A (p.G13D) (78.7%). Discussion: Given the frequency of K-RAS mutations in Mexicans, making a genetic study before deciding to treat mCRC patients with monoclonal antibodies is indispensable.