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Origin, Elaboration and Convergences of Arthropod Visual Systems

2013; Frontiers Media; Volume: 4; Linguagem: Inglês

10.3389/conf.fphys.2013.25.00013

1664-042X

Strausfeld Nicholas,

Photoreceptor and optogenetics research

Event Abstract Back to Event Origin, Elaboration and Convergences of Arthropod Visual Systems Nicholas Strausfeld1* 1 University of Arizona, Neuroscience, United States Similarities of neuronal organization in arthropod and vertebrate visual systems are usually ascribed to convergent evolution. One argument promoting this view is that the elaborate arrangements of neurons present in malacostracan and insect optic lobes derive from a simple branchiopod-like ancestor possessing two optic neuropils connected by uncrossed axons. If that were the case, then optic lobes comprising three nested neuropils in insects and malacostracans would have evolved independently. If malacostracans indeed originated from a simple branchiopod-like ancestor, then any vertebrate-like neural arrangements in the insect and malacostracan optic lobes would likewise have to be ascribed to convergent evolution, except perhaps in the case of the lamina and lobula plate (tectum) and the vertebrate plexiform layers and tectum. However, neural and molecular cladistics [1] resolve the branchiopod visual system as one that is derived from a more complex ancestral morphology with three nested optic lobe neuropils. The branchiopod trajectory has been attended by an evolved reduction and loss of neuropils. Strong support for this view comes from our ability to travel back in time to the lower mid-Cambrian where fossils of morphologically simple stem arthropods, predating the first appearance of Branchiopoda, reveal either insect/malacostracan-like optic lobes and brains [2, 3], or brains whose general morphologies match those of the brains of extant chelicerates. That the brains of these stem arthropods and the brains of contemporaneous Cambrian chordates both have a tripartite organization suggests a genealogical correspondence that in modern insects and mammals is reflected by segmentation gene expression patterns [4]. If there were genetic and anatomical correspondence of visual pathway organization in vertebrates and arthropods, then their shared ground patterns would indeed be very ancient, predating the evolutionary split leading to deuterostomes and protostomes. However, recent findings may speak against this: fossil evidence shows that chelicerate optics and visual centers have evolved independently from analogous features that define tetraconate arthropods. Acknowledgements Supported by the Air Force Research Laboratories (NJS/AFRLFA86511010001 and the University of Arizona Center for Insect Science. References 1. Strausfeld NJ, Andrew DR. 2011. A new view of insect-crustacean relationships I. Inferences from neural cladistics and comparative neuroanatomy. Arthropod Struct Dev 40:276-288. 2. Strausfeld NJ. 2011. Some observations on the sensory organization of the crustaceamorph Waptia fieldensis Walcott. Palaeontographica Canadiana 31:157-169. 3. Ma X, Hou X, Edgecombe GD, Strausfeld NJ. 2012. Complex brain and optic lobes in an early Cambrian arthropod. Nature. 490:258-261. 4. Hirth F, 2010. On the origin and evolution of the tripartite brain. Brain Behav Evol 76:3-10. Keywords: Deep time, evolution, homology, Malacostraca, optic neuropils, Tripartite brain, Vertebrates Conference: International Conference on Invertebrate Vision, Fjälkinge, Sweden, 1 Aug - 8 Aug, 2013. Presentation Type: Oral presentation preferred Topic: Development and evolution Citation: Strausfeld N (2019). Origin, Elaboration and Convergences of Arthropod Visual Systems. Front. Physiol. Conference Abstract: International Conference on Invertebrate Vision. doi: 10.3389/conf.fphys.2013.25.00013 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 03 May 2013; Published Online: 09 Dec 2019. * Correspondence: Dr. Nicholas Strausfeld, University of Arizona, Neuroscience, Tucson, AZ, 85721, United States, flybrain@neurobio.arizona.edu Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Nicholas Strausfeld Google Nicholas Strausfeld Google Scholar Nicholas Strausfeld PubMed Nicholas Strausfeld Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.