The Russian Fronde and the Zemstvo Movement: Economic Agitation and Gentry Politics in the Mid-1890's
1985; Wiley; Volume: 44; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês
10.2307/129169
ISSN1467-9434
Autores Tópico(s)Soviet and Russian History
ResumoOne of the most important aspects of the Liberation Movement of 1904-05 is the broadly based coalition of liberal landowners serving in the zemstvo. Gentry opposition to the throne early in the twentieth century has been studied from a variety of angles, and historians are in agreement about many of the forces that led zemstvo activists and gentry marshals to challenge, however timidly, the St. Petersburg regime. The political causes underlying the rise of gentry liberalism are generally beyond dispute: the autocracy's refusal to share power with the public representative bodies, police and bureaucrats' restrictions on the rights of speech and assembly, mounting charges of capricious rule by state officials, and so on.1 Only recently, however, has the underlying socio-economic background of this liberal movement received more than passing notice. One theme of recent research is the growing gulf in social status between the landed dvoriane in the zemstvo and gentry assemblies and the bureaucrats (increasingly landless and non-gentry) in St. Petersburg. Another is the conflict between gentry claims for
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