Social Differentiation in Co-operative Communities
1952; Wiley; Volume: 3; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês
10.2307/586908
ISSN1468-4446
Autores Tópico(s)Agriculture, Land Use, Rural Development
ResumoHE PURPOSE of this paper is the description and analysis of the f emergence of social differentiation in one type of Moshav-Ovdim or v co-operative settlement in Israel. The Moshav is one of the major types of settlement in the country. There were 50 Moshavim in I946 when this study was concluded, and there are more than zoo at the present time. 2 The Moshav is a co-operative organization of partly independent family units, each nllage comprising from 40 to I20 families. Most of the settlers are engaged in mixed intensive and mechanized farming. The Moshavim are organized into a country-wide movement, the organization of which is neither centralized nor highly co-ordinated. It has little coercive power over the communities organized in it and is not very well able to cope with deviation. Though the constitution provides an outllne of the structure of each village and sets down the main organizational principles, much scope is left for interpretation and variation. The communities differ, thus, both as to the degree of adherence to the constitutional principles and as to modes of interpreting tllem. The amount of co-operation in each lrillage depends on the settlers in it, and while some of the villages are loosely organized agricultural communities, others are carefully planned and closely knit co-operative units. The analysis in this paper appertains mainly to one type of Moshav. XIost of the villages described here are among the first to be established in the country. Nahalal and Kfar-Jehezkel were founded in I92I, Tel-Adashim in I923, Kfar-Yehoshua in I927 and Beer-Tuvia in I930. These villages have existed long enough to make possible the study of the processes of articulation and modification at a fairly advanced stage. They have been set up and planned in conformity with the tenets of the original constitution of the move-
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