The Castilian Bourgeoisie and the Caballeros Villanos in the Concejo before 1300: A Revisionist View
1983; Duke University Press; Volume: 63; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1215/00182168-63.3.517
ISSN1527-1900
Autores Tópico(s)Historical Studies in Latin America
Resumo*I wrish to thank Frederick Chapmain, Associate Librarian for Internatioinal Legal Stuclies at Harvarcl University, for his gracious and uinstiniting help in locatiiig several inmportant sources. 1. In modern usage, refers to entrepreneurs in comnimierce, inidustrv, anid trade; this group ranges from small shopkeeper through w holesaler to iilterilatioinal merchant. The term also usually includes financiers, rentiers, lawyers, aind other professioinals. See Elinor G. Barber, The Bourgeoisie in Eighteenth-Centtur.y France (Princetoin, 1967), pp. 18-20; and Albert Soboul, The French Revolution, 1787-1 799: From Storming of thle Bastille to Napoleont, trans. Alan Forrest and Colin Joines (New York, 1974), pp. 44-51. Moderin usage, hovever, implies a degree of social class definition and group consciousness not entirely appropriate for centuries dealt wvith herein. Urban classes then wvere often embryonic or amorphous. Consequently, one fiinds it somewlhat incoingruous to speak of the bourgeoisie at that time. Another problem with is that there are some (isagreements as to what groups it comprises. Barber, The Bourgeoisie, p. 18, cloes not regard artisans or any persons who performecl manual labor as part of as clo both Soboul, The French Revolution, p. 44, and Luis Garcia de Valcleavellano, Orfgen.es de la burguesfa en la Espania medieval (Madrid, 1969), pp. 69, 131. In preseint article, artisains will be considered part of lower levels of bourgeoisie. To lessen impact of presentday implications of term bourgeoisie, however, phrase bourgeois elements will be used most of time to refer to full range of social strata in question. The actual use of term during historical period in questioin is a matter not immecliately relevant to present article; on this matter, see Garcia de Valdeavellano, Orfgentes, pp. 23-60; aincl John H. Mundy, Europe in High Middle Ages, 1150-1309 (New York, 1973), pp. 237, 241, 242. 2. For a survey of Castilian social history based on conventional historiography, see Elena Lourie, Society Organized for War: Medieval Spain, Past and Present, 35 (Dec. 1966), 54-76. A common practice among Hispanists is to speak of Spainl w\'hein in fact oInly is being cliscussed. This is understandable to some extent, for Spain is legal successor state to Castile, and latter was-and still is-politically ancl culturally dominant in Spain. The practice is unfortunate, however, when it is uiinwittiing because it slights other siginificant regions of Spaiin. For sake of brevity, present article will use Castile to refer to both and Le6n. The latter kingdom was not united permanently with until reigil of Fernando III. At present, however, Le6n is not ecoinomically, culturally, politically, or otherwise as distinguishable from as are some other parts of Spain.
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