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Energetic Salts with π-Stacking and Hydrogen-Bonding Interactions Lead the Way to Future Energetic Materials

2015; American Chemical Society; Volume: 137; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1021/ja5126275

1943-2984

Jiaheng Zhang, Qinghua Zhang, Thao T. Vo, Damon A. Parrish, Jean’ne M. Shreeve,

Crystallography and molecular interactions

Among energetic materials, there are two significant challenges facing researchers: 1) to develop ionic CHNO explosives with higher densities than their parent nonionic molecules and (2) to achieve a fine balance between high detonation performance and low sensitivity. We report a surprising energetic salt, hydroxylammonium 3-dinitromethanide-1,2,4-triazolone, that exhibits exceptional properties, viz., higher density, superior detonation performance, and improved thermal, impact, and friction stabilities, then those of its precursor, 3-dinitromethyl-1,2,4-triazolone. The solid-state structure features of the new energetic salt were investigated with X-ray diffraction which showed π-stacking and hydrogen-bonding interactions that contribute to closer packing and higher density. According to the experimental results and theoretical analysis, the newly designed energetic salt also gives rise to a workable compromise in high detonation properties and desirable stabilities. These findings will enhance the future prospects for rational energetic materials design and commence a new chapter in this field.