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Aggregation-dominated ash settling from the Eyjafjallajökull volcanic cloud illuminated by field and laboratory high-speed imaging

2011; Geological Society of America; Volume: 39; Issue: 9 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1130/g32016.1

1943-2682

Jacopo Taddeucci, Piergiorgio Scarlato, Cristian Montanaro, Corrado Cimarelli, Elisabetta Del Bello, C. Freda, Daniele Andronico, M. T. Guđmundsson, Donald B. Dingwell,

Seismic Imaging and Inversion Techniques

Research Article| September 01, 2011 Aggregation-dominated ash settling from the Eyjafjallajökull volcanic cloud illuminated by field and laboratory high-speed imaging J. Taddeucci; J. Taddeucci 1Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Department of Seismology and Tectonophysics, Via di Vigna Murata 605, 00143, Rome, Italy Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar P. Scarlato; P. Scarlato 1Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Department of Seismology and Tectonophysics, Via di Vigna Murata 605, 00143, Rome, Italy Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar C. Montanaro; C. Montanaro 2Istituto di Geologia Applicata e Geoingegneria, CNR (Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche), Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar C. Cimarelli; C. Cimarelli 3Earth and Environment, LMU (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat), University of Munich, Theresienstrasse 41, 80333, Munich, Germany Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar E. Del Bello; E. Del Bello 1Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Department of Seismology and Tectonophysics, Via di Vigna Murata 605, 00143, Rome, Italy Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar C. Freda; C. Freda 1Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Department of Seismology and Tectonophysics, Via di Vigna Murata 605, 00143, Rome, Italy Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar D. Andronico; D. Andronico 4Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Department of Catania, Piazza Roma 2, 95123 Catania, Italy Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar M.T. Gudmundsson; M.T. Gudmundsson 5Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 7, Askja, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar D.B. Dingwell D.B. Dingwell 3Earth and Environment, LMU (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat), University of Munich, Theresienstrasse 41, 80333, Munich, Germany Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information J. Taddeucci 1Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Department of Seismology and Tectonophysics, Via di Vigna Murata 605, 00143, Rome, Italy P. Scarlato 1Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Department of Seismology and Tectonophysics, Via di Vigna Murata 605, 00143, Rome, Italy C. Montanaro 2Istituto di Geologia Applicata e Geoingegneria, CNR (Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche), Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy C. Cimarelli 3Earth and Environment, LMU (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat), University of Munich, Theresienstrasse 41, 80333, Munich, Germany E. Del Bello 1Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Department of Seismology and Tectonophysics, Via di Vigna Murata 605, 00143, Rome, Italy C. Freda 1Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Department of Seismology and Tectonophysics, Via di Vigna Murata 605, 00143, Rome, Italy D. Andronico 4Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Department of Catania, Piazza Roma 2, 95123 Catania, Italy M.T. Gudmundsson 5Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 7, Askja, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland D.B. Dingwell 3Earth and Environment, LMU (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat), University of Munich, Theresienstrasse 41, 80333, Munich, Germany Publisher: Geological Society of America Received: 20 Dec 2010 Revision Received: 20 Apr 2011 Accepted: 24 Apr 2011 First Online: 09 Mar 2017 Online ISSN: 1943-2682 Print ISSN: 0091-7613 © 2011 Geological Society of America Geology (2011) 39 (9): 891–894. https://doi.org/10.1130/G32016.1 Article history Received: 20 Dec 2010 Revision Received: 20 Apr 2011 Accepted: 24 Apr 2011 First Online: 09 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Permissions Search Site Citation J. Taddeucci, P. Scarlato, C. Montanaro, C. Cimarelli, E. Del Bello, C. Freda, D. Andronico, M.T. Gudmundsson, D.B. Dingwell; Aggregation-dominated ash settling from the Eyjafjallajökull volcanic cloud illuminated by field and laboratory high-speed imaging. Geology 2011;; 39 (9): 891–894. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/G32016.1 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGeology Search Advanced Search Abstract The recent Eyjafjallajökull (Iceland) eruption strikingly underlined the vulnerability of a globalized society to the atmospheric dispersal of volcanic clouds from even moderate-size eruptions. Ash aggregation controls volcanic clouds dispersal by prematurely removing fine particles from the cloud and depositing them more proximally. Physical parameters of ash aggregates have been modeled and derived from ash fallout deposits of past eruptions, yet aggregate sedimentation has eluded direct measurement, limiting our ability to predict the dispersal of volcanic clouds. Here we use field-based, high-speed video analysis together with laboratory experiments to provide the first in situ investigation and parameterization of the physical features and settling dynamics of ash aggregates from a volcanic cloud. In May 2010, high-speed video footage was obtained of both ash particles and aggregates settling from the Eyjafjallajökull volcano eruption cloud at a distance of 7 km from the vent; fallout samples were collected simultaneously. Experimental laboratory determinations of the density, morphology, and settling velocity of individual ash particles enable their distinction from aggregates. The combination of field and experimental analyses allows a full characterization of the size, settling velocity, drag coefficient, and density distributions of ash aggregates as well as the size distribution of their component particles. We conclude that ash aggregation resulted in a tenfold increase in mass sedimentation rate from the cloud, aggravating the ash hazard locally and modifying cloud dispersal regionally. This study provides a valuable tool for monitoring explosive eruptions, capable of providing robust input parameters for models of cloud dispersal and consequent hazard forecast. You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.