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How Far from Equilibrium Is Active Matter?

2016; American Physical Society; Volume: 117; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1103/physrevlett.117.038103

1092-0145

Étienne Fodor, Cesare Nardini, M. E. Cates, Julien Tailleur, Paolo Visco, Frédéric van Wijland,

Molecular Communication and Nanonetworks

Active matter systems are driven out of thermal equilibrium by a lack of generalized Stokes-Einstein relation between injection and dissipation of energy at the microscopic scale. We consider such a system of interacting particles, propelled by persistent noises, and show that, at small but finite persistence time, their dynamics still satisfy a time-reversal symmetry. To do so, we compute perturbatively their steady-state measure and show that, for short persistent times, the entropy production rate vanishes. This endows such systems with an effective fluctuation-dissipation theorem akin to that of thermal equilibrium systems. Last, we show how interacting particle systems with viscous drags and correlated noises can be seen as in equilibrium with a viscoelastic bath but driven out of equilibrium by nonconservative forces, hence providing energetic insight into the departure of active systems from equilibrium.Received 18 April 2016DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.038103© 2016 American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Physical SystemsActive matterTechniquesTheories of collective dynamics & active matterPolymers & Soft Matter