Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
Zika Virus Outbreak in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Clinical Characterization, Epidemiological and Virological Aspects
2016; Public Library of Science; Volume: 10; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1371/journal.pntd.0004636
ISSN1935-2735
AutoresPatrícia Brasil, Guilherme Amaral Calvet, André M. Siqueira, Mayumi Duarte Wakimoto, Patrícia Carvalho de Sequeira, Aline Araújo Nobre, Marcel de Souza Borges Quintana, Marco Cesar Lima de Mendonça, Otília Lupi, Rogério Valls de Souza, Carolina S. Romero, Heruza Einsfeld Zogbi, Clarisse da Silveira Bressan, Simone Sampaio Alves, Ricardo Lourenço‐de‐Oliveira, Rita Maria Ribeiro Nogueira, Marília Sá Carvalho, Ana María Bispo de Filippis, Thomas Jaenisch,
Tópico(s)COVID-19 epidemiological studies
ResumoIn 2015, Brazil was faced with the cocirculation of three arboviruses of major public health importance. The emergence of Zika virus (ZIKV) presents new challenges to both clinicians and public health authorities. Overlapping clinical features between diseases caused by ZIKV, Dengue (DENV) and Chikungunya (CHIKV) and the lack of validated serological assays for ZIKV make accurate diagnosis difficult.The outpatient service for acute febrile illnesses in Fiocruz initiated a syndromic clinical observational study in 2007 to capture unusual presentations of DENV infections. In January 2015, an increase of cases with exanthematic disease was observed. Trained physicians evaluated the patients using a detailed case report form that included clinical assessment and laboratory investigations. The laboratory diagnostic algorithm included assays for detection of ZIKV, CHIKV and DENV. 364 suspected cases of Zika virus disease were identified based on clinical criteria between January and July 2015. Of these, 262 (71.9%) were tested and 119 (45.4%) were confirmed by the detection of ZIKV RNA. All of the samples with sequence information available clustered within the Asian genotype.This is the first report of a ZIKV outbreak in the state of Rio de Janeiro, based on a large number of suspected (n = 364) and laboratory confirmed cases (n = 119). We were able to demonstrate that ZIKV was circulating in Rio de Janeiro as early as January 2015. The peak of the outbreak was documented in May/June 2015. More than half of the patients reported headache, arthralgia, myalgia, non-purulent conjunctivitis, and lower back pain, consistent with the case definition of suspected ZIKV disease issued by the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO). However, fever, when present, was low-intensity and short-termed. In our opinion, pruritus, the second most common clinical sign presented by the confirmed cases, should be added to the PAHO case definition, while fever could be given less emphasis. The emergence of ZIKV as a new pathogen for Brazil in 2015 underscores the need for clinical vigilance and strong epidemiological and laboratory surveillance.
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