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First Report of Leaf Spot Caused by Phoma sorghina on Tobacco in China

2016; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 100; Issue: 8 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1094/pdis-11-15-1377-pdn

1943-7692

Gaoqing Yuan, Ting Liao, Hüseyin Tan, Qiang Li, Wei Lin,

Plant Pathogens and Resistance

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 100, No. 8First Report of Leaf Spot Caused by Phoma sorghina on Tobacco in China PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Leaf Spot Caused by Phoma sorghina on Tobacco in ChinaG. Q. Yuan, T. Liao, H. W. Tan, Q. Q. Li, and W. LinG. Q. YuanSearch for more papers by this author, T. LiaoSearch for more papers by this author, H. W. TanSearch for more papers by this author, Q. Q. LiSearch for more papers by this author, and W. LinSearch for more papers by this authorAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations G. Q. Yuan , College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China T. Liao , Qinbei District Agricultural Bureau of Qinzhou, Qinzhou 535000, China H. W. Tan , Tianyang Agriculture Bureau, Baise 533600, China Q. Q. Li W. Lin , College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China Published Online:27 May 2016https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-11-15-1377-PDNAboutSectionsSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat During disease surveys of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) in 2011 to 2014, a leaf spot disease was observed on cv. yunyan-97 in fields distributed in Hezhou and Baise, Guangxi, China. Necrotic lesions occurred frequently in the middle and lower leaf of tobacco during vigorous growing stage. The spots began as small, circular, flaxen, and developed into irregular pale brown lesions. Necrotic mesophyll tissue in the lesions became thinner and many black pycnidia were found. Some lesions eventually perforated. The pycnidia varied from 60 to 130 µm in diameter, conidia were hyaline in color, unicellular, elliptic to oval, biguttulate, and 4.3 to 6.2 × 2.4 to 3.3 µm. Twenty symptomatic tissues were surface sterilized (30 s in 75% ethanol, 1 min in 0.1% HgCl2), washed 3 times with sterile water, plated on PDA, and cultured at 25°C. Eight same fungal isolates were obtained; the colonies were villose and regular, saffron yellow, secreting scarlet pigment. After 30 days of incubation, chlamydospores were observed, which were brown to black, near spherical, with a verrucose surface. Unicellular chlamydospores were 3.5 to 7.9 × 4.0 to 11.5 µm and multicellular chlamydospores were 4.2 to 25.8 × 5.6 to 32.5 µm. Cultivated at 25°C under ultraviolet lamp irradiation or not, these isolates could not produce conidia on PDA. However, cultured 7 days on oat agar and then incubated 10 days under 8W ultraviolet lamp with a distance of 20 cm, the isolates could produce a small number of pycnidia and conidia similar to those observed in field. The morphological characteristics of these fungi corresponded with Phoma sorghina (Sacc.) Boerema, Dorenb. & Kesteren (Boerema et al. 2004). A random strain ZS11-2, collected from Hezhou, was selected for molecular identification and pathogenicity tests. The sequence of rDNA-ITS, TUB, and ACT of the pathogen were amplified (GenBank JQ037913, KU728638, and KU728639, respectively) (Aveskamp et al. 2009). BLAST results showed that the rDNA-ITS gene sequences of strain ZS11-2 was 99% homologous to those of P. sorghina (= Epicoccum sorghinum) in GenBank (FJ427072), while the TUB gene sequences was 99% homologous to those of the above species (FJ427176), and the ACT gene sequences was 98% homologous to those of the above species (FJ426957). Furthermore, the molecular phylogenetic trees based on these 3 regions revealed that isolate ZS11-2 was closest to P. sorghina. Pathogenicity tests were conducted on 5 to 6 leaf tobacco plants (cv. yunyan-97) by covering unwounded leaves and stems with 5-mm mycelial discs of strain ZS11-2 on PDA. Control plants were covered with sterile PDA discs. Each leaf was inoculated with 4 to 6 discs and each stem was inoculated with 1, and the experiments were repeated 5 times. All inoculated and control plants were enclosed in transparent plastic boxes and incubated in a greenhouse at 25 ± 3°C for 3 days, and then the boxes were removed, the plants were kept moist with intermittent water sprays. The first lesions were observed 2 days after inoculation on leaves and 5 days after inoculation on stems, and all inoculated leaves and stems showed symptoms. P. sorghina was consistently reisolated from the lesions on both leaves and stems. No disease symptoms appeared on control plants. The fungus P. sorghina has been found in various hosts (Perelló and Moreno 2005), and reported as one of the pathogen causing rice spikelet rot in China (Huang et al. 2011). This is the first record of P. sorghina causing leaf spot on N. tabacum in China.References:Aveskamp, M. M., et al. 2009. Mycologia 101:363. https://doi.org/10.3852/08-199 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarBoerema, G. H., et al. 2004. Page 179 in: Phoma Identification Manual: Differentiation of Specific and Infra-Specific Taxa in Culture. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK. https://doi.org/10.1079/9780851997438.0179 Crossref, Google ScholarHuang, S. W., et al. 2011. Crop Prot. 30:1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2010.07.010 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarPerelló, A. E., and Moreno, M. V. 2005. Mycopathologia 159:75. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-004-2517-x Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarDetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 100, No. 8 August 2016SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Metrics Article History Issue Date: 22 Jul 2016Published: 27 May 2016First Look: 12 Apr 2016Accepted: 31 Mar 2016 Pages: 1790-1790 Information© 2016 The American Phytopathological SocietyCited byEffect of azoxystrobin on tobacco leaf microbial composition and diversity1 February 2023 | Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol. 13Epicoccum spp. Causing Maize Leaf Spot in Heilongjiang Province, ChinaXi Xu, Jingjing Li, Xilang Yang, Li Zhang, Shuo Wang, Guijin Shen, Bing Hui, Jialei Xiao, Changjian Zhou, Xiangjing Wang, Junwei Zhao, and Wensheng Xiang21 November 2022 | Plant Disease, Vol. 106, No. 12Variations in leaf phyllosphere microbial communities and development of tobacco brown spot before and after fungicide application17 November 2022 | Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol. 13Sequence Data, Functional Annotation, and Relationship Analysis Between mRNAs and Long Noncoding RNAs from Tea Leaves During Infection by the Fungal Pathogen Epicoccum sorghinumChen Huang, Hongke Huang, Zhongqiu Xia, Yuqin Yang, Xinyue Jiang, Yuanyou Yang, Delu Wang, Xiangyang Li, and Zhuo Chen15 September 2022 | Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, Vol. 35, No. 9Leptosphaeria sacchari (ring spot disease of sugarcane)CABI Compendium, Vol. CABI CompendiumPhyllospheric Microbial Composition and Diversity of the Tobacco Leaves Infected by Didymella segeticola14 October 2021 | Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol. 12First Characterisation of the Phoma Species Complex on Maize Leaves in Central Europe18 September 2021 | Pathogens, Vol. 10, No. 9Epicoccum species: ubiquitous plant pathogens and effective biological control agents22 January 2021 | European Journal of Plant Pathology, Vol. 159, No. 4Exploring Fungal Biodiversity of Genus Epicoccum and Their Biotechnological Potential19 June 2021Fungal Composition and Diversity of the Tobacco Leaf Phyllosphere During Curing of Leaves4 September 2020 | Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol. 11Pathogenicity of Epicoccum sorghinum towards dragon fruits ( Hylocereus species) and in vitro evaluation of chemicals with antifungal activity14 April 2020 | Journal of Phytopathology, Vol. 168, No. 6Five Fungal Pathogens Are Responsible for Bayberry Twig Blight and Fungicides Were Screened for Disease Control8 May 2020 | Microorganisms, Vol. 8, No. 5Toxic, but beneficial compounds from endophytic fungi of Carica papaya24 April 2019 | The EuroBiotech Journal, Vol. 3, No. 2The biotechnological potential of Epicoccum spp.: diversity of secondary metabolites28 October 2018 | Critical Reviews in Microbiology, Vol. 44, No. 6Epicoccum sorghinum in food: occurrence, genetic aspects and tenuazonic acid productionCurrent Opinion in Food Science, Vol. 23Identity of Epicoccum sorghinum Causing Leaf Spot Disease of Bletilla striata in ChinaH. 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