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Co-occurrence and distribution of deoxynivalenol, nivalenol and zearalenone in wheat from Brazil

2016; Taylor & Francis; Volume: 9; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1080/19393210.2016.1152598

1939-3229

Maria Antonia Calori‐Domingues, Carolina Maria Gil Bernardi, Mariana Sartori Nardin, Gláucia Vendramini de Souza, Fernanda Gregório Ribeiro dos Santos, Mirella de Abreu Stein, Eduardo Micotti da Glória, Carlos Tadeu dos Santos Dias, Adriano Costa de Camargo,

Pesticide Residue Analysis and Safety

Fusarium mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol (NIV) and zearalenone (ZEN) were investigated in wheat from the 2009 and 2010 crop years. Samples (n = 745) from commercial fields were collected in four wheat producing regions (WPR) which differed in weather conditions. Analyses were performed using HPLC-DAD. Contamination with ZEN, DON and NIV occurred in 56, 86 and 50%, respectively. Also, mean concentrations were different: DON = 1046 µg kg(-1), NIV < 100 µg kg(-1) and ZEN = 82 µg kg(-1). Co-occurrence of ZEN, DON and NIV was observed in 74% of the samples from 2009 and in 12% from 2010. Wet/cold region WPR I had the highest mycotoxin concentration. Wet/moderately hot region WPR II had the lowest mycotoxin levels. Furthermore, the mean concentration of each mycotoxin was higher in samples from 2009 as compared with those from 2010. Precipitation during flowering or harvest periods may explain these results.