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Synthetic Assessment of Eco-Environment in the Western Jinlin Province Based on Multi-Sources GIS and RS Spatial Information

2004; Chinese Academy of Sciences Geography; Linguagem: Inglês

1007-7588

Lin Nian-feng,

Environmental Changes in China

The west region of Jilin Province lies in the southwest of Songnen Plain and the intervening zone of farming and herd; it is the important composing part of the fragile zone in north of China and the most serious region of environment problem in Jilin Province. In the west of Jilin province, the main environment problem include soil saline-alkali changing, soil sand changing, soil leanness changing, grassland degeneration, mantle of green area acute reduce, sand dust storm increase, drought and lack water, water quality deterioration and so on, therefore, the eco-environment is comparative fragile, the exact cognition and fix quantify assessment to eco-environment quality has very important meaning for the sustainable development of society economy and the resume renovation of eco-environment. This paper adopts multi-source spatial information and combined with technology of RS and GIS to construct the digital environment model made of grid data. The genes of synthesis assessment model are divided to the Grade 1 index and Grade 2 index. The Grade 1 index includes water heat condition, land cover, soil and water environment index. The Grade 2 index include average precipitation, ≥10℃ continuum temperature, NDVI, land use type, soil classification, desert changing and water quality. Through overlay analysis of the synthetic assessment model of eco-environment, the synthetic assessment results have been achieved and classified to four grades by the eco-environment quality. The preferable area (Class Ⅰ) of the eco-environment quality only occupy 16.11% of total area, however, the comparative worse (Class Ⅲ) and the worst area of the eco-environment quality account for 56% of total area. The assessment result have been achieved On the basis of county district, it show: The best county of the eco-environment quality is Ningjiang District, it belong to Class Ⅱ, moreover, Qianguo County, Fuyu County and Changling County belong to Class Ⅱ;The number of county belonging to Class Ⅰis zero; Tongyu County, Qia'nan County and Baicheng District belong to Class Ⅲ; Da'an County, Taonan County, Zhenglai County belong to Class Ⅳ, and the quality of the eco-environment is the worst area. The classification result indicates that the eco-environment quality turn to bad gradually from southeast to northwest, which has strongly relativity compared to changing trend of nature condition, climate factor, and status of resource exploitation using, moreover, the assessment result is consistent with the data analyses, which explain the assessment mode have scientific rationality and impersonal veracity.