Portal de Periódicos da CAPES

Vulnerability and sustainable development model of coal-mining cities in Northeast China

2010; Wiley; Volume: 29; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.11821/yj2010020018

1745-5871

Tong Bo,

Safety and Risk Management

The development of coal-mining cities in Northeast China is the hot topic which the country pays attention to.The article carries out the vulnerability appraisal of coal-mining cities in Northeast China from three levels of natural system,economic system,social system and from three description angles of exposure,sensitivity,and resilience.In 2000,Hegang city belongs to relatively low vulnerability district,and other coal-mining cities belong to intermediate ones.In 2005,all the coal-mining cities belong to intermediate vulnerability districts,in which vulnerability indexes in Jixi and Qitaihe cities are nearly 0.5701 and 0.5568,respectively.At the same time,it points out the vulnerability phenomenon,the approach to reduce vulnerability and diagnoses the vulnerability of natural system,economic system and social system,as well as the existing problems.Vulnerability of natural system is presented in ecological environment deterioration,water pollution,air pollution and forest resource destruction.Culture and community employment structure in coal-mining cities closely relate to urban economic structure and shortage of labor skills of mining industry,which have aggravated the unemployment and the difficulty of re-employment.Besides,the high pressure causes urban poverty and disadvantaged groups to get jobs,which have caused social vulnerability.Some other problems may cause the economic vulnerability,such as the unreasonable resource utilization,unreasonable productivity distribution and single industrial structure,Regional natural system,economic system and society system affect each other.This article discusses the coupling mechanism from the aspects of ecology,humanity and society.The intrinsic agents which affect the coal-mining cities are the limited resources and the changed exploitation capacity,and they are the key aspects to restrict vulnerability of human-land system.Then some models are put forward to reduce vulnerability,such as comprehensive development model,anticipation cultivation model,connection development model and harmonious society model.Finally,it puts forward some sustainable development countermeasures which provide the valuable reference for the reforming,ecology construction and community development of coal-mining cities.Besides,it is suggested that the development model could be built for coal-mining cities specifically in different development stages and vulnerability phenomenon.