Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
Amereida en Valparaíso: un sueño utópico del siglo XX
2011; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL FLUMINENSE; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês
10.22409/pragmatizes1.1.a10335
ISSN2237-1508
Autores Tópico(s)Latin American Urban Studies
ResumoIn 1952 came a radical change in architecture teaching at Valparaíso PontificiaUniversidad Católica: the Chilean architect Alberto Cruz Covarrubias and theArgentine writer Godofredo Iommi introduced that revolution. The new startingpoint would encompass the poetic significance of architecture as an expressionof the designer’s singular talent, as well as involving students and teachers withinLatin-American reality. The architectural design begins with a collective poetic act— called “phalène” —, which identifies the work into a dynamic and changingprocess, without defining forms and spaces a priori. In 1970, it was begun thecomplex of dwellings and public buildings of “Ciudad Abierta Amereida”,embodying the social utopia and constructive techniques of the teaching staff ofthe school, which is kept until today. In a site located thirty kilometers from Viñadel Mar, in Ritoque, noticeable by its hills and dunes overlooking the PacificOcean, “agoras” for outdoor social activities were randomly constructed, somebuildings for cultural life — a music room — an amphitheater, a cemetery and theteachers' houses, built by themselves with the help of the students. Its configurationreflects the influence of Surrealism and the art movements of the sixties.Latin-American culture is taken through its Latin cultural heritage, the maincomponent of the regional history: hence, the relationship with Virgil and the epicpoem Aeneid as a justification for the name Amereida given to the "Open City"complex. This utopian experiment of the second half of the twentieth century isan important contribution representing an alternative approach for questioningaesthetic movements already present in Latin-American architecture.
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