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First Report of Alternaria Rot Caused by Alternaria alternata on Peach in Ecuador

2016; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 100; Issue: 11 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1094/pdis-03-16-0318-pdn

1943-7692

L. K. Abata, Irisneisy Paz, William Viera, Francisco Flores,

Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 100, No. 11First Report of Alternaria Rot Caused by Alternaria alternata on Peach in Ecuador PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Alternaria Rot Caused by Alternaria alternata on Peach in EcuadorL. K. Abata, I. A. Paz, W. Viera, and F. J. FloresL. K. AbataSearch for more papers by this author, I. A. PazSearch for more papers by this author, W. VieraSearch for more papers by this author, and F. J. FloresSearch for more papers by this authorAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations L. K. Abata I. A. Paz , Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas-ESPE, Sangolquí, Ecuador W. Viera , National Institute of Agricultural Research (INIAP), Fruit Program, 170184 Tumbaco, Ecuador F. J. Flores , Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas-ESPE, Sangolquí, Ecuador. Published Online:25 Aug 2016https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-03-16-0318-PDNAboutSectionsSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat Alternaria alternata is a ubiquitous plant pathogen that can cause rot symptoms on stone fruits. Alternaria rot has been previously described in peach orchards from China, Japan, Hong Kong, Libya, Mexico, Australia, and the United States (Kim et al. 2005). In September 2015, brown spots were observed on several fruits of peach (Prunus persica L.) var. Diamante in an experimental orchard from the National Institute of Agricultural Research in the province of Pichincha, Ecuador, where up to 80% postharvest yield losses were reported. Twenty fruits that showed a single lesion were collected, surface sterilized for 1 min in 0.5% sodium hypochlorite, and placed in moist chambers until cottony mycelia was observed growing over the rotting tissue. Fungal isolates were obtained by plating mycelia on potato dextrose agar amended with 50 ppm of chloramphenicol. Five peaches rendered axenic cultures of white mycelium that turned green-black with time. These cultures were identified morphologically as Alternaria sp. using a taxonomic key (Barnett and Hunter 1972). The other 15 peaches showing rot symptoms were infected mostly by Monilinia fructicola. Microscopic characteristics of Alternaria sp. included brown conidiophores holding chains of septated-conidia in acropetalous manner and conidia were ovoid or elliptical, 11 to 25 (17) µm long, 5 to 10 (7) µm wide, with one to three transverse septa and none or one longitudinal septum. One of the isolates (UFAH00014) was identified molecularly by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and a small fragment of the elongation factor 1 alpha gene (EF1a) with primers ITS4-ITS5 (White et al. 1990) and EF1a983-EF1a2218 (Kurtzman et al. 2008), respectively. BLAST results showed 100% identity of the ITS sequence with A. alternata sequence HM013812.1 and 99% identity of the EF1a sequence with A. alternata sequence KP334736.1. Sequences of 584 bp for ITS (KU866390) and 993 bp for EF1a (KU886569) were uploaded to GenBank. To test Koch’s postulates, 10 µl of a 1.5 × 103 conidia/ml suspension of isolate UFAH00014 were inoculated on three wounded and three unwounded healthy peaches var. Diamante. Peaches were placed in a moist chamber at 27 ± 2°C; two noninoculated peaches were incubated under the same conditions as control. Wounded and unwounded inoculated peaches showed a firm, brown, circular, shallow rot over the surface at the third day, and at the fifth day, gray cottony mycelia was observed. Mycelia were recovered, cultured, and identified as A. alternata. This is the first report of alternaria rot caused by A. alternata in peach orchards in Ecuador, a disease that significantly contributes to severe postharvest losses.References:Barnett, H. L., and Hunter, B. B. 1972. Illustrated genera of imperfect fungi. Burgess Publishing Co., Minneapolis, MN. Google ScholarKim, Y. J., et al. 2005. Plant Dis. 89:343. https://doi.org/10.1094/PD-89-0343A Link, ISI, Google ScholarKurtzman, C. P., et al. 2008. Yeast Res. 8:939. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1567-1364.2008.00419.x Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarWhite, T. J., et al. 1990. Page 315 in: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Crossref, Google ScholarDetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 100, No. 11 November 2016SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Metrics Article History Issue Date: 7 Oct 2016Published: 25 Aug 2016First Look: 13 Jun 2016Accepted: 6 Jun 2016 Pages: 2323-2323 Information© 2016 The American Phytopathological SocietyCited byMetabolome and transcriptome analysis of postharvest peach fruit in response to fungal pathogen Monilinia fructicola infectionLWT, Vol. 173Molecular characterization and pathogenicity of Alternaria species on wheat and date palms in Oman17 July 2018 | European Journal of Plant Pathology, Vol. 152, No. 3Factors influencing peach farmer income in the province of Tungurahua, Ecuador12 January 2018 | Economía Agraria y Recursos Naturales, Vol. 17, No. 2