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Cryptic Species in <b><i>Proechimys goeldii </i></b>(Rodentia, Echimyidae)? A Case of Molecular and Chromosomal Differentiation in Allopatric Populations

2016; Karger Publishers; Volume: 148; Issue: 2-3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1159/000446562

ISSN

1424-8581

Autores

Marlyson Jeremias Rodrigues da Costa, Paulo José Siqueira do Amaral, Júlio César Pieczarka, Maria I. C. Sampaio, Rogério Vieira Rossi, Ana Cristina Mendes de Oliveira, Renata Coelho Rodrigues Noronha, Cleusa Yoshiko Nagamachi,

Tópico(s)

Genetic diversity and population structure

Resumo

The spiny rats of the genus <i>Proechimys</i> have a wide distribution in the Amazon, covering all areas of endemism of this region. We analyzed the karyotype and cytochrome b <i>(Cyt b)</i> sequences in <i>Proechimys goeldii </i>from 6 localities representing 3 interfluves of the eastern Amazon. A clear separation of <i>P. goeldii</i> into 2 monophyletic clades was observed, both chromosomally and based on <i>Cyt b</i> sequences: cytotype A (2n = 26&#x2640;/27&#x2642;, NF = 42) for samples from the Tapajos-Xingu interfluve and cytotype B (2n = 24&#x2640;/25&#x2642;, NF = 42) for samples from the Xingu-Tocantins interfluve and east of the Tocantins River. The karyotypes differ in a pericentric inversion and a centric fusion/fission and an average nucleotide divergence of 6.1%, suggesting cryptic species. Meiotic analysis confirmed the presence of a XX/XY<sub>1</sub>Y<sub>2</sub> multiple sex chromosome determination system for both karyotypes. The karyotypes also vary from the literature (2n = 24, NF = 42, XX/XY). The autosome translocated to the X chromosome is different both in size and morphology to <i>P. </i>cf.<i> longicaudatus</i>, which also has a multiple sex chromosome determination system (2n = 14&#x2640;/15&#x2640;&#x2642;/16&#x2640;/17&#x2642;, NF = 14). The Xingu River is a barrier that separates populations of <i>P. goeldii</i>, thus maintaining their allopatric nature and providing an explanation for the molecular and cytogenetic patterns observed for the Xingu River but not the Tocantins River.

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