Discovery and Commercial Separations
1981; American Chemical Society; Linguagem: Inglês
10.1021/bk-1981-0164.ch008
ISSN1947-5918
Autores Tópico(s)Geological and Geochemical Analysis
ResumoInitial Discovery The rare earths have their origin in the accidental discovery by the Swedish Army Lieutenant, C. A. Arrhenius in 1787 of an unusual black mineral specimen at a quarry at Ytterby, a small community not far from Stockholm. In 1794 Johan Gadolin, a Finnish chemist at the University of Abo, separated from a sample of this mineral about 38% of a new and previously undescribed "earth" (oxide in our modern terminology), and set the basis for a series of investigations extending through the present. A. G. Ekeberg, at Uppsala, suggested in 1797 the name of gadolinite for the mineral and the name yttria for the "new earth". Shortly thereafter (1803) M. H. Klaproth, a German investigator, and, independently, the renowned Swedish chemist, J. J. Berzelius and his collaborator Wilheim Hisinger, isolated from a heavy mineral found in 1781 in a mine at Bastnas, Sweden, another similar and yet
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