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The human amniotic fluid stem cell secretome effectively counteracts doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity

2016; Nature Portfolio; Volume: 6; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1038/srep29994

2045-2322

Edoardo Lazzarini, Carolina Balbi, Paola Altieri, Ulrich Pfeffer, Elisa Gambini, Marco Canepa, Luigi Varesio, Maria Carla Bosco, Domenico Coviello, Giulio Pompilio, Claudio Brunelli, Ranieri Cancedda, Pietro Ameri, Sveva Bollini,

Mechanisms of cancer metastasis

Abstract The anthracycline doxorubicin (Dox) is widely used in oncology, but it may cause a cardiomyopathy with bleak prognosis that cannot be effectively prevented. The secretome of human amniotic fluid-derived stem cells (hAFS) has previously been demonstrated to significantly reduce ischemic cardiac damage. Here it is shown that, following hypoxic preconditioning, hAFS conditioned medium (hAFS-CM) antagonizes senescence and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes and cardiac progenitor cells, two major features of Dox cardiotoxicity. Mechanistic studies with mouse neonatal ventricular cardiomyocytes (mNVCM) reveal that hAFS-CM inhibition of Dox-elicited senescence and apoptosis is associated with decreased DNA damage, nuclear translocation of NF-kB and upregulation of the NF-kB controlled genes, Il6 and Cxcl1 , promoting mNVCM survival. Furthermore, hAFS-CM induces expression of the efflux transporter, Abcb1b and Dox extrusion from mNVCM. The PI3K/Akt signaling cascade, upstream of NF-kB, is potently activated by hAFS-CM and pre-treatment with a PI3K inhibitor abrogates NF-kB accumulation into the nucleus, modulation of Il6 , Cxcl1 and Abcb1b and prevention of Dox-initiated senescence and apoptosis in response to hAFS-CM. These results support the concept that hAFS are a valuable source of cardioprotective factors and lay the foundations for the development of a stem cell-based paracrine treatment of chemotherapy-related cardiotoxicity.