Avifauna of a paraguayan cerrado locality : Parque nacional serrania San Luis, depto. concepción
1999; Wilson Ornithological Society; Volume: 111; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês
ISSN
1938-5447
AutoresMark B. Robbins, Rob Faucett, N. H. Rice,
Tópico(s)Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
Resumo-We recorded 181 avian species at the Paraguayan Cerrado site, Parque Nacional Serrania San Luis, depto. Concepci6n, including the first record of Veery (Catharusfuscescens) for the country. We obtained further evidence of hybridization between White-bellied (Basileuterus hypoleucus) and Golden-crowned (B. culicivorus) warblers. Our results combined with those of earlier workers document a total of 219 species for this area. Pronounced differences in species composition exist between San Luis and a nearby Cerrado locality. Three threatened and four near-threatened species were recorded at San Luis. Since our inventory the area that we worked was traded for an adjacent, less human impacted sector of similar size. The new park boundary contains relatively pristine campo (grassland), which is an important habitat for a number of resident and migrant species suspected to be suffering serious population declines. Received 29 Jan. 1998, accepted 14 Nov. 1998. RESUMEN.-Se registraron 181 especies de aves en el Parque Nacional Serranfa San Luis, en el cerrado del Paraguay, depto. Concepci6n. La lista incluye el primer registro de Catharus fuscescens para el pafs, y mas evidencia de hibridizaci6n entre los paruilidos Basileuterus hypoleucus y B. culiciviorus. En combinaci6n con los resultados de investigadores anteriores, han sido registrado 219 especies de aves para la zona. Existen diferencias marcadas en la composici6n avifaunfstica entre San Luis y otra localidad cercana en cerrado. Se registraron tres especies amenazadas y cuatro casi-amenazadas en la zona. Desde que se hizo el presente estudio, se cambi6. el area de estudio por otro adyacente, menos impactado y de extenso similar; esta zona abarca mAs del campo (pastizal) en buen estado de conservaci6n, el cual es un refugio para varias especies residentes y migratorias que se cuentran en declives poblacionales. The Cerrado is the second largest ecological region in South America (Ab'Saber 1977), but has only recently attracted the attention of avian biogeographers (Haffer 1985; Silva 1995a, b, c). Silva (1995a) demonstrated that about 70% of the Cerrado is inadequately sampled and that the southern component especially is poorly known and most heavily impacted by human activities. The Cerrado reaches its southern terminus in northeastern Paraguay, where it interdigitates with two other physiogeographic and biotic regions: the Chaco and the Atlantic Forest (Hayes 1995a). The lack of a quantitative inventory of this region, coupled with the potential for extensive biotic interchange among the contiguous regions, make the Paraguayan Cerrado important for its unique contribution to the biodiversity of the Cerrado. In this paper, we present a preliminary avifaunal inventory for the 10,273 ha Parque Nacional Serranfa San Luis, created in 1991 to preserve a representative sample of the Paraguayan Cerrado (Direcci6n de Parques Nacionales y Vida Silvestre 1993). We have incorporated results from earlier work in the region to provide a more comprehensive list for this area. The San Luis list is compared to another well-surveyed Paraguayan Cerrado locality to examine avian species turnover. Selected species accounts are provided where additional comment is merited to clarify status, distribution, migration, food habits, hybridization, and plumage characters. STUDY AREA AND METHODS We worked at the southern end of Parque Nacional Serranfa San Luis (220 40' S, 570 21' W; taken with Global Positioning System at park headquarters; Fig. 1) from 19-31 October 1996, and RCF revisited the site from 29 November to 7 December 1996. The park is located in the Serranfa San Luis, an isolated, lowlying (max. elevation 500 m) set of limestone hills mostly covered with semihumid forest. Approximately 5,300 ha is cultivated grassland with about 70% of this habitat now occupied by the aggressive African grass Hyparrhenia rufa (Poaceae). The dominant savannah tree, Tabebuia aurea (Bignoniaceae), was often associated with Astronium urundeuva (Anacardiaceae), Anadenanthera colubrina (Leguminosae), and Rhamnidium elasocarpum (Rhamnaceae; Consorcio ParelcForagro-Porto Real, unpubl. report). Hillsides were ' Division of Omithology, Natural History Museum, Univ. of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045. 2 Museum of Natural Science, Foster Hall, Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA 70803. 1 Corresponding author; E-mail: mrobbinsC@falcon.cc.ukans.edu 4 Present address: Academy of Natural Sciences, Dept. of Ornithology, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103.
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