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Pollination syndromes of Erica species in the south-western Cape

1985; Elsevier BV; Volume: 51; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/s0254-6299(16)31657-x

1727-9321

Anthony G. Rebelo, W. R. Siegfried, E. G. H. Oliver,

Flowering Plant Growth and Cultivation

The 426 species of the genus Erica L. in the south-western Cape are categorized according to their principal putative pollinating agents, based on the shape of the flowers and field observations. Wind pollination is restricted to 21 species in the genus Erica; most of the more specialized wind-pollinated species in the subfamily Ericoideae being assigned to the closely related genus Philippia Klotzsch and other genera of the tribe Salaxideae. Sixty-six Erica species are bird-pollinated and display two main flower shapes: tubular and tubular-curved; the former being divided into brush and tube flowers based on anther morphology. The majority (80%) of Erica species are insect-pollinated, and several subcategories can be assigned. The most distinctive subcategory is that of rhinomyiophily (pollination by dipterans with long proboscises) which accounts for 9% of all insect-pollinated Erica species. The richness of insect-pollinated Erica species parallels a richness of insect species, among which anthophilous dipterans and hymenopterans feature prominently. S. Afr. J. Bot. 1985, 51: 270–280 Die 426 spesies van die genus Erica L. wat in die suidwes-Kaap voorkom, word geklassifiseer volgens hulle belang-rikste moontlike bestuiwingsagente, gebaseer op blomvorms en waarnemings in die veld. Windbestuiwing is beperk tot slegs 21 Erica spesies; die meeste meer gespesialiseerde windbestuifde spesies in die subfamilie Ericoideae behoort aan die naverwante genus Philippia Klotzsch en ander genera van die Salaxideae stam. Ses-en-sestig Erica spesies word deur voëls bestuif en vertoon hoofsaaklik twee blomvorms: buisvormig en boog-buisvormig; die eerste tipe word verdeel in borsel- en buisblomme, volgens helmknop-morfologie. Die meerderheid Erica spesies (80%) word deur insekte bestuif, en 'n aantal subkategorieë kan onderskei word. Die opvallendste subkategorie is dié van rhinomyiofilie (bestuiwing deur Diptera met lang monddele) wat 9% van alle insekbestuifde Erica spesies uitmaak. Die relatief groot aantal insekbestuifde Erica spesies weerspieël 'n hoë insekspesiesrykheid, waaronder die groot aantal blombesoekende Diptera en Hymenoptera opvallend is. S.-Afr. Tydskr. Plantk. 1985, 51: 270–280