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First Report of Cactus virus X Infecting Hylocereus undatus in Korea

2016; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 100; Issue: 12 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1094/pdis-06-16-0889-pdn

1943-7692

J. S. Kim, C. Y. Park, Moonsuk Nam, J. S. Lee, H. G. Kim, Seung‐Hun Lee,

Plant Disease Management Techniques

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 100, No. 12First Report of Cactus virus X Infecting Hylocereus undatus in Korea PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Cactus virus X Infecting Hylocereus undatus in KoreaJ. S. Kim, C. Y. Park, M. Nam, J. S. Lee, H. G. Kim, and S. H. LeeJ. S. KimSearch for more papers by this author, C. Y. ParkSearch for more papers by this author, M. NamSearch for more papers by this author, J. S. LeeSearch for more papers by this author, H. G. KimSearch for more papers by this author, and S. H. LeeSearch for more papers by this authorAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations J. S. Kim , Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wanju 55365, Korea C. Y. Park , School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea M. Nam , Seeders Inc., Daejeon, Korea J. S. Lee , Disaster Prevention Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wanju 55365, Korea H. G. Kim , Department of Applied Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea S. H. Lee , School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; Published Online:30 Sep 2016https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-06-16-0889-PDNAboutSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat Hylocereus undatus is widely produced in the tropics, and was first introduced to Juju Island, South Korea, from Vietnam in 1999. In October 2010, 13 symptomless H. undatus were collected at greenhouses in A and B regions of Jeju Island. Viral particles were observed in all five samples from region B alone, by the direct negative staining (Horne and Wildy 1964) and ultrathin sections staining method (Choi et al. 2005) using transmission electron microscopy (Carl Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany). Flexuous rod particles were observed in the sap of the fruit samples. The lengths of the particles ranged from 430 to 520 nm, and the infected H. undatus cells formed inclusion bodies. According to the large-scale oligonucleotide (LSON) chip assay, a method that efficiently identifies viruses in plants (Nam et al. 2014), the infecting virus in H. undatus was Cactus virus X (CVX) based on spot intensity. Total RNA was extracted from eight and five samples from regions A and B, respectively, using an Easy-Spin Total RNA Kit (iNtRON, Sungnam, Korea). CVX was tested for by RT-PCR (primers, F: 5′-CCACCAACCTCACTCCACTATCAC-3′ and R: 5′-CCTTGGAGCCCCTTGGTGA-3′) with a Suprimescript RT-PCR premix (Genet Bio, Daejeon, Korea). RT-PCR results showed the eight samples from region A were negative for CVX, whereas the five samples from region B were positive for CVX. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on one of the CVX isolates from region B, designated CVX-dragonfruit [LC128411], and its size was 6,618 nucleotides, excluding the poly(A) tail. We compared the genomic sequence of CVX-dragonfruit [LC128411] with the CVX-Hu [AF308158] isolate from Taiwan. The two isolates had 96.3% nucleotide sequence homology and 95.3% amino acid sequence homology. The coat protein (CP) of CVX-dragonfruit displayed homologies of 94.2%, 97.5%, and 76.9%, compared with those of the CVX-Hu [AF308158], CVX-TW [KM365479], and CVX-NTU [JF937699] H. undatus isolates from Taiwan, respectively. Based on these data, our isolate was identified as a member of CVX within the genus Potexvirus. To determine the host range of the CVX-dragonfruit, 29 indicator plants from 28 species were mechanically inoculated with crude sap of virus-infected H. undatus suspended in 0.01 M potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.2). The experiment was repeated three times. In our sap transmission tests, CVX symptoms were observed 20 days after the inoculation. Chenopodium amaranticolor and C. quinoa developed chlorotic spots or lesions and Gomphrena globosa formed necrotic lesions with red margins; however, the other 25 indicator plants species did not show any symptoms. The first report of CVX in South Korea was in cacti in 1990 (Choi et al. 1990), and the first report of CVX in H. undatus was in Taiwan in 2000 (Liou et al. 2000). In this study, we show the first isolation of CVX from H. undatus in South Korea and report its characteristics in relation to the other CVX strains. This report suggests there should be additional work to investigate and describe the biological significance of these strains. Although no visible symptoms were present in the infected fruit and infection did not cause considerable economic loss, CVX could be easily introduced into other greenhouses by cutting or grafting.References:Choi, G. S. et al. 1990. Res. Rept. RDZ (C.P.) 32:7. Google ScholarChoi, H. S., et al. 2005. Plant Pathol. J. 21:349. https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.2005.21.4.349 Crossref, Google ScholarHorne, R. W., and Wildy, P. 1964. Adv. Virus Res. 10:101. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-3527(08)60698-3 Crossref, Google ScholarLiou, M. R., et al. 2000. Plant Dis. 85:229. Link, Google ScholarNam, M., et al. 2014. Plant Pathol. J. 30:51. https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.OA.08.2013.0084 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarJ. S. Kim and C. Y. Park are co-first authors.DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 100, No. 12 December 2016SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Metrics Article History Issue Date: 3 Nov 2016Published: 30 Sep 2016First Look: 3 Aug 2016Accepted: 26 Jul 2016 Pages: 2544-2544 Information© 2016 The American Phytopathological SocietyCited byFirst report of cactus virus X in Spain4 October 2022 | Australasian Plant Disease Notes, Vol. 17, No. 1First report of Cactus virus X in Selenicereus monacanthus in the Philippines24 August 2022 | Indian Phytopathology, Vol. 75, No. 4First Report of Schlumbergera Virus X in Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus spp.) in SpainD. Janssen, C. García, and L. 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