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Acute and chronic toxicity of the benzoylurea pesticide, lufenuron, in the fish, Colossoma macropomum

2016; Elsevier BV; Volume: 161; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.07.033

1879-1298

Priscila Rafaela Leão Soares, André Lucas Corrêa de Andrade, Thamiris Pinheiro Santos, Stephannie Caroline Barros Lucas da Silva, Jadson Freitas da Silva, Amanda Rodrigues dos Santos Magnabosco, Elton Hugo Lima da Silva Souza, Franklin Magliano da Cunha, Valéria Wanderley Teixeira, Marília Ribeiro Sales Cadena, Fabrício Bezerra de Sá, Luiz Bezerra de Carvalho Júnior, Pabyton Gonçalves Cadena,

Aquaculture disease management and microbiota

Lufenuron is a benzoylurea insecticide that interfere in chitin synthesis in insects. Although lufenuron is widely used in agriculture and aquaculture, rare are studies described that relates to possible toxic effects in fish. This work aimed to evaluate acute and chronic toxic effects of benzoylurea pesticide (lufenuron) on biological parameters of Colossoma macropomum (Tambaqui). In the acute test, juveniles of Tambaqui were divided into control group and five experimental groups with exposure from 0.1 to 0.9 mg/L of lufenuron for 96 h. Animals were also submitted to chronic toxicity test for four months in concentrations of 0.1 and 0.3 mg/L of lufenuron, the concentration used in the treatment of ectoparasites in fish and 50% of LC50 96 h, respectively. The presence of hemorrhages was observed in eyes, fins and operculum of fish exposed to 0.7 and 0.9 mg/L of lufenuron. Histological analysis showed changes in the morphology of fish gills submitted to acute toxicity test, as lamellar aneurysm and blood congestion inside lamellae. Lufenuron promoted damage in fish retina as in ability to respond to stimuli in photoreceptors and in ON-bipolar cells in acute test. In chronic test, blood glucose analysis and morphometric parameters showed no significant differences (p > 0.05). In general, Tambaqui exhibited behaviors associated with stress when exposed to lufenuron. Thus, lufenuron showed several toxic effects in relation to biological parameters in Tambaqui. This concerns about the use and discard of lufenuron, and indicates the requirement of environmental actions to prevent potential contamination of aquatic biota.