The Epidemic Climate: PHR Review
1956; Volume: 71; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês
10.2307/4589376
ISSN2327-6258
Autores Tópico(s)Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
ResumoIN THE 16th century, Fracastoro formu- lated the idea that conmmiunicable diseases were causecd by "living agents,"' a thouglht that occurred to earlier mincds but, except for the scabies inite, witlhout supportiIng evidence that survived to modern timies.Later investigators, such as Snow, Henle, Panumn, Budd, Holmes, Seinllinelweis, and Hirschl, inferred the probable existence of suchl agents strictly by epidemio- logical metlhods.However, it was only after invenition of the achromatic microscope that Pasteur, Koch, and their followers, usinlg IIenle's principles, demonistrated that micro- organisms are the primary cause of certaini dis- eases.This important worli put on a firmn scientific founidatioii nmamf's uniderstanidiing of the pathogeniesis of infectious disease.Sinice that time maniy otlher etiological agents (helmiiintlhs, protozoanis, fungi, bacteria, rickett- siae, and viruses) lhave beeni identified with dis- eases of botlh mani and anilmals.Principal in- teIest hias focused upon the differenitial disease diagnosis and pathogenesis anid the treatmi-enit of the patient.In comparisoni, relatively little attenitioni hals been paid to the biological sur- vival mechanisms and mode of transmissioni of
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