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Evaluation of Macro- and Micro-Residual Stresses on Textdeed Materials by X-ray, Neutron Diffraction and Defection Measurements

1985; International Centre for Diffraction Data; Volume: 29; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1154/s0376030800010053

2631-3626

Viktor Hauk,

Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses

Abstract To evaluate the state of macro- and micro-residual stresses in cold rolled materials of 0.2 to 3 mm thickness the following test methods were used: Measurements of lattice spacing in different directions (φ,Ѱ)with X-rays and neutron-rays on many diffraction peaks. The X-ray method was employed on the surface of the sheet and of the thinned piece after removing several layers from both sides. The neutron-ray method allows measurements in the interior of a specimen and the average of the strain distribution of the total cross section. The etching deflection method determines the macro-residual stresses. The calculation of the macro- anci micro-residual stresses using X-ray elastic constants (XEC) for polycrystalline material and the compliances of single crystals for groups of grains are described. Homogeneous and heterogeneous materials like steels, (α + β) -brass, nickel and copper with 3 % silver were investigated. The state of residual stresses on the surface and with the depth over the cross section was evaluated or is in the final process of investigation.