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The Dynamics of Functional Brain Networks: Integrated Network States during Cognitive Task Performance

2016; Cell Press; Volume: 92; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.neuron.2016.09.018

1097-4199

James M. Shine, Patrick G. Bissett, Peter T. Bell, Oluwasanmi Koyejo, Joshua H. Balsters, Krzysztof J. Gorgolewski, Craig A. Moodie, Russell A. Poldrack,

EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces

Higher brain function relies upon the ability to flexibly integrate information across specialized communities of brain regions; however, it is unclear how this mechanism manifests over time. In this study, we used time-resolved network analysis of fMRI data to demonstrate that the human brain traverses between functional states that maximize either segregation into tight-knit communities or integration across otherwise disparate neural regions. Integrated states enable faster and more accurate performance on a cognitive task, and are associated with dilations in pupil diameter, suggesting that ascending neuromodulatory systems may govern the transition between these alternative modes of brain function. Together, our results confirm a direct link between cognitive performance and the dynamic reorganization of the network structure of the brain.