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First Report of Sclerotinia subarctica nom. prov. ( Sclerotinia sp. 1) Causing Stem Rot on Turnip Rape ( Brassica rapa subsp. oleifera ) in Norway

2016; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 101; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1094/pdis-06-16-0785-pdn

1943-7692

Guro Brodal, Rachel Warmington, Chloé Grieu, Andrea Ficke, John P. Clarkson,

Yeasts and Rust Fungi Studies

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 101, No. 2First Report of Sclerotinia subarctica nom. prov. (Sclerotinia sp. 1) Causing Stem Rot on Turnip Rape (Brassica rapa subsp. oleifera) in Norway PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Sclerotinia subarctica nom. prov. (Sclerotinia sp. 1) Causing Stem Rot on Turnip Rape (Brassica rapa subsp. oleifera) in NorwayG. Brodal, R. Warmington, C. Grieu, A. Ficke, and J. P. ClarksonG. BrodalSearch for more papers by this author, R. WarmingtonSearch for more papers by this author, C. GrieuSearch for more papers by this author, A. FickeSearch for more papers by this author, and J. P. ClarksonSearch for more papers by this authorAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations G. Brodal , NIBIO-Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Pb 115, NO-1431 Ås, Norway R. Warmington , Warwick Crop Centre, \School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Wellesbourne Campus Wellesbourne, Warwick, CV35 9EF, U.K. C. Grieu A. Ficke , NIBIO-Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Pb 115, NO-1431 Ås, Norway J. P. Clarkson , Warwick Crop Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Wellesbourne Campus Wellesbourne, Warwick, CV35 9EF, U.K. Published Online:17 Nov 2016https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-06-16-0785-PDNAboutSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat During August 2013, white-grayish lesions, typical of Sclerotinia stem rot, had developed around leaf axils on the stems of turnip rape ‘Pepita’ in a field at the NIBIO research station Apelsvoll in Oppland County, Norway. Sclerotia were collected from inside infected turnip rape stubble and from harvested seeds, surface sterilized, bisected, and placed onto potato dextrose agar (PDA). Following 1 to 2 days incubation at 20°C, fast-growing white mycelium characteristic of Sclerotinia was observed, and within 5 to 7 days, new sclerotia had started to develop. Sclerotia size and growing pattern although variable was characteristic of S. sclerotiorum. DNA extraction, PCR amplification, and sequencing of the ITS regions of the rDNA was then carried out for 20 isolates. BLASTn analysis of 475 bp amplicons showed that 15 isolates were S. sclerotiorum, while five were identified as S. subarctica (previously called Sclerotinia sp 1; Holst-Jensen et al. 1998; Winton et al. 2006, 2007), with 100% identity to a U.K. S. subarctica isolate (Clarkson et al. 2010). A representative ITS region sequence was deposited in GenBank (accession no. KX929095). The identity of the S. subarctica isolates was further confirmed by the lack of a 304-bp intron in the LSU rDNA compared with S. sclerotiorum (Holst-Jensen et al. 1998), which was visualized by PCR amplification and gel electrophoresis. Sclerotia of two S. subarctica isolates were placed on PDA and incubated for 7 days. Agar plugs of actively growing mycelium were used for the pathogenicity testing of spring oilseed rape plants (‘Mosaik’) in the greenhouse. Plants were inoculated at growth stage BBCH 57/59 (preflowering) and BBCH 64 (40% of flowers open) by attaching two PDA plugs of actively growing mycelium per main stems with small needles, using four plants per treatment. Noninoculated PDA agar plugs were attached to the control plants. The experiment was repeated three times. Symptoms typical of stem rot appeared after 1 to 2 weeks of incubation at 16 to 20°C, 100% relative humidity. Stems started to develop white lesions with fluffy mycelium around the inoculation sites. Control plants did not show the characteristic symptoms for Sclerotinia infection. After senescence of the plants, sclerotia were collected from inside the stems and cultured on PDA. White mycelium started to grow after 1 to 2 days and new sclerotia were formed within 7 days, similar to the ones used for producing the initial isolate. Brassica oil seed crops are cultivated as important break crops in the cereal-based production system in Norway and can be severely affected by Sclerotinia stem rot. The disease is observed in all regions where Brassica oil seed crops are grown, and in severe cases, a reduction in oilseed yield of 25% has been recorded in untreated control treatments of fungicide trials. Although S. subarctica has been previously reported on wild hosts (Holst-Jensen et al. 1998), this is the first report of the pathogen on a crop plant in Norway. In the United Kingdom, Clarkson et al. (2010) demonstrated pathogenicity of S. subarctica isolated from Ranunculus acris on oilseed rape. As symptoms for S. subarctica and S. sclerotiorum are indistinguishable, S. subarctica might be present undetected in many farmer fields.References:Clarkson, J. P., et al. 2010. Plant Pathol. 59:1173. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2010.02271.x Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarHolst-Jensen, A., et al. 1998. Nord. J. Bot. 18:705. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.1998.tb01553.x Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarWinton, L. M., et al. 2006. Can. J. Plant Pathol. 28:426. https://doi.org/10.1080/07060660609507316 Crossref, Google ScholarWinton, L. M., et al. 2007. Mol. Ecol. Notes 7:1077. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-8286.2007.01782.x Crossref, Google ScholarDetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 101, No. 2 February 2017SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Metrics Article History Issue Date: 13 Jan 2017Published: 17 Nov 2016First Look: 17 Oct 2016Accepted: 12 Oct 2016 Pages: 386-386 Information© 2017 The American Phytopathological SocietyCited bySclerotinia sclerotiorum causes Sclerotinia stem rot on Dragon's head (Lallemantia iberica)20 January 2023 | Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, Vol. 113Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (cottony soft rot)CABI Compendium, Vol. CABI CompendiumThe role of precipitation, and petal and leaf infections in Sclerotinia stem rot of spring oilseed Brassica crops in Norway17 August 2018 | European Journal of Plant Pathology, Vol. 152, No. 4First Report of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Sclerotinia Blight) on Symphyotrichum dumosum in PolandK. 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