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Relationship between vitamin D status, glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors in Brazilians with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2016; BioMed Central; Volume: 8; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1186/s13098-016-0188-7

1758-5996

Maria Creusa de Albuquerque Lins Rolim, Bárbara Mendes Santos, Gildásio Carvalho da Conceição, Paulo Novis Rocha,

Diet and metabolism studies

Determine the prevalence and identify predictors of hypovitaminosis D in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); 2) correlate vitamin D levels with variables indicative of glycemic control and cardiovascular risk.We conducted a cross-sectional study with consecutive patients treated at a University Hospital's Endocrinology outpatient clinic located at 12°58'S latitude, between October 2012 and November 2013. Hypovitaminosis D was defined as 25-hydroxyvitamin D < 30 ng/mL (chemiluminescence).We evaluated 108 patients with mean duration of T2DM of 14.34 ± 8.05 years and HbA1c of 9.2 ± 2.1%. Mean age was 58.29 ± 10.34 years. Most were women (72.2%), non-white (89.8%) and had hypertension (75.9%) and dyslipidemia (76.8%). Mean BMI was 28.01 ± 4.64 kg/m2; 75.9% were overweight. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D was 62%. In multiple logistic regression, independent predictors of hypovitaminosis D were female gender (OR 3.10, p = 0.02), dyslipidemia (OR 6.50, p < 0.01) and obesity (OR 2.55, p = 0.07). In multiple linear regression, only total cholesterol (β = -0.36, p < 0.01) and BMI (β = -0.21, p = 0.04) remained associated with levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D.Using currently recommended cutoffs, the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in Brazilians with T2DM was as high as that of non-tropical regions. Female gender, dyslipidemia and obesity were predictors of hypovitaminosis D. Low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D were correlated with high cholesterol and BMI values. Future studies are needed to evaluate whether vitamin D replacement would improve these parameters and reduce hard cardiovascular outcomes.