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A classification of the Pyralidae, subfamily Gallerianae

1917; Natural History Museum at Tring; Volume: 24; Linguagem: Inglês

10.5962/bhl.part.23146

0950-7655

George F. Hampson,

Biological Control of Invasive Species

to the hair on the frons which in sociella forms a thick tuft, whilst in pellionella it consists of loose hair ; in fact sociella exactly answers the generic description, and pellionella does not.The Latin word Tinea means a larval insect pest ; it is used by Virgil for the worms of moths that live in bee-hives, by Horace for book-worms, and by other authors for those of clothes-moths, etc.The type of a genus is the species from which the original author described that genus, and no action by a subsequent author or by all the Zoological Congresses in the world can alter that fact.The difficulty is to determine what that species is when the type is not indicated.The author would naturally put his type species down first on his list, but he might subsequently rearrange his list so as to get a more natural order of the species.Unless, however, there is any evidence of this, such as the first species not agreeing with the generic description, that species must be presumed to be the type.Under Tortrix Linne states that the larvae twist leaves, uniting them by threads and living and feeding between them.The first species on his list, prasinana, therefore cannot be the type, and the second species, viridana, becomes the type.The type of Sphinx is ligustri, because Linne in Faun.Succ.states that it is commonly called " The Sphinx " from the attitude of the larva.Similarly the type of Bomhyx is mori because he calls it " The Bombyx," and the silkworm exclusively was known by that name to the Greeks and Romans.Three methods are in use for determining the type of a genus when the type is not indicated.1 .The above, which is used in the revision of the Sphingidae by Rothschild and Jordan, the Catalogue of Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum, by most of the authors in Seitz' Macrolepidoptera, and by most American authors.It is the only method by which finality can be reached, and is rapidly coming into general use.2. That the first reviser of a genus fixes the type of that genus.No two authors seem to agree exactly in their interpretation of this law, or as to what constitutes a revision, and whether a type has been fixed or not.Its chief advantage seems to be that each author can continue to use a generic name in the sense to which he is accustomed.3. That all species on the original list of a genus which have been used as the types of later genera shall be eliminated, and one of the remaining species be fixed as the type of the genus.This led to so many anomalies, such as the least applicable species being fixed as the type of the genus, and even a species that the author of the genus had never seen, that it has fallen into disuse.KEY TO THE GENERA. A. Hindwing with veins 3, 4 absent.a. Forewing with vein 4 absent, 6, 7, 8 stalked . .Paroxyptera, p. 27 b.Forewing with vein 4 present, 6 from the cell .MetacJirysia, p. 30 B. Hindwing with vein 3 present, 4 absent.a. Forewing with veins 6, 7, 8, 9 stalked.a'.Hindwng with the cell open . . .Arenipses, p. 36 bV Hindwing with the cell closed . . .Paraphomia, p. 37 a'.Forewing with vein 10 stalked wth 7, 8 b^ Forewing with vein 10 from the cell .b '.Frons without tuft of scales, a'.Hindwing with the apes produced and acute b'.Hindwing with the apex not produced .b-. Forewing with vein 9 present.a'.Forewing with vein Tfrom 8 beyond 9. a'.Forewing with vein 10 stalked with 7, 8, 9. a^ Forewing with the cell long b'.Forewing with the cell short.a'.Forewing with the apex produced and acute b'.Fore wing with the apex not produced.a'.Forewingshort,the termen straight b'.Forewing long, the termen rounded Anerastidia, p. Corcyra, p.