Myth and Ritual in Fontane’s Effi Briest
1984; Routledge; Volume: 59; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1080/19306962.1984.11787288
ISSN1930-6962
Autores Tópico(s)Literature and Cultural Memory
ResumoClick to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size NotesFor example, see: T. E. Carter, “A Leitmotif in Fontane’s Effi Briest,” German Life and Letters 10 (1956): 38-42; A. R. Robinson. Theodor Fontane. An lntroduction to the Man and his Work (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1976), pp. 154-75, which consists mainly of a discussion of the role of leitmotifs and symbols in Effi Briest; Josef Tanner, “Symbol and Function of the Symbol in Theodor Fontane’s Effi Briest,” Monatshefte (Wisconsin) 57 (1965): 187-92; and Gertrude Tax-Schultz, “Andeutung und Leitmotiv in Fontanes Effi Briest,” Fontane Blätter 3 (1976): 507-22.Of the copious material treating mythopoesis in itself and applying mythopoeic approaches to literature, the following have been particularly helpful to this author: Sanford Budick, Poetry of Civilization. Mythopoeic Displacement in the Verse of Mitton, Dryden, Pope, and Johnson (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1974); A. Kent Hieatt, Chaucer, Spenser, Mitton, Mythopoeic Continuities and Transformations (Montreal: McGill Queen’s University Press, 1975); Karoly Kerenyi, ed., Die Eröffnung des Zugangs zum Mythos. Ein Lesebuch (Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1967); Kurt Weinberg, “Language as Mythopoesis: Mallarme’s Self-Referential Sonnet,” in Literary Criticism and Myth, ed. Joseph P. Strelka (University Park and London: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 1980), pp. 141-76; Klaus Weissenberger, “Mythopoesis in German Literary Criticism,” in Strelka, pp. 238-73.Weissenberger, p. 238.Weissenberger, p. 268.Strelka, in his preface to Literary Criticism and Myth, p. vii. This work itself is an excellent collection of discussions of the meaning and function of myth in literature and literary criticism. Other works which represent the strong and widespread influence of myth scholarship on literature and literary criticism are: E. C. Barksdale, The Dacha and the Duchess. An Application of Lévi-Strauss’s Theory of Myth in Human Creativity to Works of the Nineteenth-Century Russian Novelists (New York: Philosophical Library, 1974); Joseph Campbell, The Hero with a Thousand Faces (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1968); Burton Feldman, ed., The Rise of Modem Mythology (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1972); Károly Kerényi, ed., Die Eröffnung des Zugangs zum Mythos (Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1967); Harry Levin, Refractions (New York: Oxford University Press, 1966); William Righter, Myth and Literature (London: Routledge and Paul, 1975).For discussions of the relationship between myth and ritual, see: Ira R. Buchler, A Format Study of Myth (Austin: University of Texas, 1968); Adrian Cunningham, The Theory of Myth (London: Sheed and Ward, 1973); Mircea Eliade, The Myth of the Eternal Return, or Cosmos and History, trans. Williard R. Trask (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1954); Mircea Eliade, Myth and Reality, trans. Williard R. Trask (New York: Harper and Row, 1963); Joseph Eddy Fontenrose, The Ritual Theory of Myth (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1966); Andrew Lang, Myth, Ritual, and Religion (New York: AMS Press, 1968); and Claude Levi-Strauss, Structural Anthropology, trans., Claire Jacobson and Brooke Grundfest Schoepf (New York: Basic Books, 1963).Eliade, The Eternal Return,pp. 21-3; Lévi-Strauss, p. 261.Eliade, Myth and Reality, p. 140; The Eternal Return, pp. 19-30.Theodor Fontane, Effi Briest, in Sämtliche Werke, ed. Edgar Gross (München: Nymphenburger Verlagshandlung, 1959), 7: 229.See note 1.Carter, pp. 41-2. Mr. Carter’s use of the term “leitmotif” is entirely in keeping with what we have called a “pure leitmotif”; i.e., one that is not at the same time a symbol.Tanner, pp. 191-2; Ernst Braun, Symbol and Portent in Theodor Fontane Works. Diss. University of Wisconsin 1960 (DA 21, 1961, p. 1562).Eliade, The Eternal Return, p. 21-3.Fontane, p. 352.Fontane, p. 413.Eliade, Myth and Reality, pp. 103-7.Northrop Frye, Anatomy ofCriticism: Four Essays (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1957), p. 147.Fontane, p. 375.Fontane, p. 351.This figure and his role in the narrative conjures up in the mind similar minor characters in Mann’s works; e.g., the gondolier and the hotel manager in Der Tod in Venedig, who, as it were, usher Aschenbach into the mythic Land of the Dead (Venice). But the figure in Fontane’s work is actually more related to the Doppelgänger of earlier nineteenth-century German literature.Fontane, p. 361.For comparisons of Flaubert’s and Fontane’s heroines, see: Marianne Bonwit, “Effi Briest und ihre Vorgängerinnen Emma Bovary und Nora Helmer,” Monatshefte (Wisconsin): 40 (1948): 445-56; Lillian R. Furst, “Madame Bovary and Effi Briest,” Romanistisches Jahrbuch 12 (1961): 124-35; Hanna Geffchen, “Effi Briest; Madame Bovary; Anna Karenina,” Modern Language Review 52 (1957): 363-75. Barksdale, p. 29, refers to the Niobe myth as the model for Emma Bovary.Fontane, pp. 194-5.Fontane, p. 269.Fontane, p. 174.Thomas Mann, “Freud und die Zukunft,” in Adel des Geistes. Sechzehn Versuche zum Problem der Humanität, in Stockholmer Gesamtausgabe der Werke von Thomas Mann (Stockholm: Bermann Fischer, 1945), p. 511.Richard Brinkmann, Wirklichkeit und Illusion. Studien über Gehalt und Grenzen des Begriffs Realismus für die erzählende Dichtung des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts, 3rd ed. (Tübingen: Max Niemeyer, 1977). The realism debate continues to this day. For discussions concerning the concept of realism, see: Richard Brinkmann, ed., Begriffsbestimmung des literarischen Realismus (Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1969); Gregory Fuller, Realismustheorie. Äesthetische Studie zum Rea/ismusbegriff (Bonn: Bouvier, 1977); Reinhold Grimm and Jost Hermand, eds., Realismustheorien (Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 1975); Wolfgang Preisendanz, ed., Wege des Realismus (München: Wilhelm Fink, 1977); Andras Sandor, “On Idealistic Realism,” Mosaic 4, no. 4 (1971): 37-49; Zdenko Skreb, “Fragen zum deutschen Realismus: Fontane,” Jahrbuch der Raabe-Gesellschaft 68 (1979): 155-85.“The Myth of the Artist,” in Literary Criticism and Myth, p. 9; Mann, pp. 470-95.
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