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Hemodynamic monitoring in the critically ill: an overview of current cardiac output monitoring methods

2016; Faculty of 1000; Volume: 5; Linguagem: Inglês

10.12688/f1000research.8991.1

2046-1402

Johan Huygh, Yannick Peeters, J. A. Bernards, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain,

Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes

Critically ill patients are often hemodynamically unstable (or at risk of becoming unstable) owing to hypovolemia, cardiac dysfunction, or alterations of vasomotor function, leading to organ dysfunction, deterioration into multi-organ failure, and eventually death. With hemodynamic monitoring, we aim to guide our medical management so as to prevent or treat organ failure and improve the outcomes of our patients. Therapeutic measures may include fluid resuscitation, vasopressors, or inotropic agents. Both resuscitation and de-resuscitation phases can be guided using hemodynamic monitoring. This monitoring itself includes several different techniques, each with its own advantages and disadvantages, and may range from invasive to less- and even non-invasive techniques, calibrated or non-calibrated. This article will discuss the indications and basics of monitoring, further elaborating on the different techniques of monitoring.