The Image of Germany in the Sixteenth Century
1959; Routledge; Volume: 34; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1080/19306962.1959.11786975
ISSN1930-6962
Autores Tópico(s)Historical, Literary, and Cultural Studies
ResumoClick to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size NotesGeography VII. 1. ii–v; 2, i–iv.Natural History IV. 13–15.De Providentia 4 (Dialogues, Book 1). This treatise circulated in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries under the title De gubernatione mundi (Cf. Scneca, Opera moralia et epistolae (Naples, 1475; Hain-Copingcr No. 14590). The essay opens with the question: Is the world governed by a Providence, and, if so, why do the good suffer somany affiictions? Seneca here justifies the existence of evil by pointing to the salutory effects hardship has on those who learn to inure themselves to it. The Germans are introduced as an example of a whole tribe to which insecurity and privation are normal existcnce.De situ orbis, written about the middle of the first century A.D. The section on Germany occurs in Book III, chapter iii.Cosmographia: Beschreibung aller lender … (Basel, 1544), p. 160.Cosmographia Pii Papae in Asiae et Europae eleganti descriptione… (I use ed. Paris, 1509) ” Europa,” chapter xxiii. Repeated verbatim by Hartmann Schedel, Liber cronicarum… (Nuremberg, 1493), 267 recto.Schedel, op cit., 299 recto. This point, too, was first made by Enea Silvio.Franciscus Irenicus, Germaniae exegeseos volumina duodecim … (Hagenau, 1518), 6 verso. Repeated verbatim by Willibald Pirckheimer, Germaniae ex variis scriptoribus perbrevis explicatio (Nuremberg, 1530), A 3 recto.Peter Albinus, Commentarius novus de Mysnia, oder Newe Meysnische Chronica … (Wittenberg, 1580), p. 616.Heinrich Bebel, ‘Epitoma laudum Suevorum. I use ed. in Melchior Goldast, Rerum Suevicarum scriptores (Ulm, 1727), pp. 6–7. Also Braun and Hogenberg, Civitates orbis terrarum, German ed. (Cologne, 1574 ff.), Vol. I, fol. 1 B recto.Heinrich ßebel, De laude, antiquitate, imperio, victoriis rebusque gestis velerum Germanorum. I use ed. in Schardius redivivus (Giessen, 1673), I, 126.Thomas Kantzow, Ursprunck und geschieht der Pomern und Rhügianer… ed. Georg Gaebel (Stettin, 1897 and 1898), II, 7.Usually entitled De ritu, situ, moribus et conditione Germaniae descriptio. Most conveniently found in Enea’s Opera (Basel, 1571), pp . 1034–1086.Bebel, Quod Germani sunt indigenae, Schardius Redivivus, I, 105.Pp. 161–162.Preface to the first volume of the editions of 1652 and 1677, fol. 2 recto and verso.See note. 8.Commentaria Germaniae in P. Comelii Taciti Equitis Rom. libellum de situ, moribus, et populis Germanorum (Nuremberg, 1536). An earlier version had been published in 1529.Pomponii Melae Hispani Libri de situ orbis tres, adiectis loachimi Vadiani Helvetii in eosdem scholiis.… (Vienna, 1518), fol. 96 verso.Orbis breviarium (Florence, 1493), f i recto-f ii verso.Joh. Antonii Campani Epistolae, ed. J. B. Mencken (Leipzig, 1707). My citations are to this edition.Printed by Joseph Schlecht in Hist. Jahrb. d. Görresges., XIX (1898), 351ff.Saxonia (Cologne, 1520), a ii verso. Again, I, 16. Repeated by Pirckheimer, op. cit., dedication.Peter Albinus, op. cit., p. 70.These adjectives are used by Felix Fabri, Descriptio Sueviae, ed. Herman Escher, Quellen zur schweizer Geschichte, VI (1884), 134.Oratio in Gymnasio in Ingolstadio publice recitata. There is an English translation by Leonard Forster, Selections from Conrad Celtis (Cambridge, 1948) pp. 36–65, from which I quote.The reference is specifically to Flavio Biondo whose Historiarum ab inclinatione Romanorum Decades were published around 1483, and to Marcus Antonius Sabellicus, Historiae rerum Venetarum ab urbe condita libri XXIII, printed in 1487. I am dealing here only with questions of physical geography and the appearance of the land, not with the honor accorded to classical letters in Germany. The latter question was, of course, one of major concern at the time. The popular literature, especially, abounds with assurances that modern Germany provided a more fitting home for the eternal fame of the ancient authors. The humanists were not so sure. They did not think that Apollo had so far been lured to Germany. On the humanist drama see the recent Forschungsbericht by Wolfgang F. Michael, “Das deutsche Drama und Theater vor der Reformation,” Vierteljahresschrift für Literaturwissenschaft, XXXI (1957), 106-153.Erklerung des Newen Instruments der Sunnen, … Item ein vermanung Sebastiani Münster an alle liebhaber der künstenn, im hilff zu thun zu warer und rechter beschreybung Teutscher Nation (Oppenheim, 1528).De montibus, sylvis, fontibus, lacubus, fluminibus … (Venice, 1473), unnumbered first page.Weltbuch: spiegel und bildtniss des gantzen erdtbodens … (Tübingen, 1534), fol. 3 verso.Norimberga, ed. Albert Werminghoff (Freiburg i. B., 1921).Translation of a Latin poem recited by Salomon Frenzel, a crowned poet, in 1585. The translation forms the preface to the German edition of Marx Welser’s Chronica der… Stadt Augsburg (Frankfurt, 1595), unnumbered fol. 4 recto. The entire poem covers eight folio pages.
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