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Study of the anti‐ JCV antibody levels in a Spanish multiple sclerosis cohort

2016; Wiley; Volume: 47; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1111/eci.12721

1365-2362

María Inmaculada Domínguez‐Mozo, Macarena Rus Hidalgo, José Luis Santiago, Guillermo Izquierdo, Ignacio Casanova, Victoria Galán, Ma. Ángel García-Martínez, Ana María Arias-Leal, Marta García‐Montojo, Silvia Pérez‐Pérez, Rafael Arroyo, Roberto Álvarez‐Lafuente,

Viral Infections and Immunology Research

One of the risk factor to develop progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) among natalizumab-treated patients is the presence and high levels of anti-JCV antibodies. Our purpose was to test the association of different clinical and demographic variables with the presence and levels of anti-JCV antibodies in a Spanish cohort of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) during natalizumab treatment.All patients with MS from two hospitals with at least one measure of the anti-JCV antibodies levels (2011-2014) were recruited, among them were two PML cases. Anti-JCV antibody levels were assessed using two-step ELISA.A total of 1061 patients (16·3% natalizumab-treated) participated in this study. The seropositivity rate of anti-JCV antibodies was 58·2%. It increased with age (Pcorrected = 0·00005) and was lower among HLA-DRB1*15:01 carriers (Pcorrected = 0·049). The two patients with PML were HLA-DRB1*15:01 carriers. We had at least three quarterly anti-JCV antibody measurements (index value) from 137 patients, whose levels did not increase during natalizumab treatment. However, 5·8% of these patients had an increase of the index value higher of one point in a maximum of 6 months, something that was more frequently observed (P = 0·054) among patients treated with immunosuppressant prior to natalizumab onset.Old age and HLA-DRB1*15:01 were the factors that influence positively and negatively, respectively, our anti-JCV antibody prevalence, although our both PML cases were HLA-DRB1*15:01carriers. Most of our patients showed a stable anti-JCV antibody index values during natalizumab treatment.