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Developmental Regulation of Mitochondrial Apoptosis by c-Myc Governs Age- and Tissue-Specific Sensitivity to Cancer Therapeutics

2016; Cell Press; Volume: 31; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.ccell.2016.11.011

1878-3686

Kristopher A. Sarosiek, Cameron Fraser, Nathiya Muthalagu, Patrick Bhola, Wei‐Ting Chang, Samuel K. McBrayer, Adam Cantlon, Sudeshna Fisch, Gail Golomb‐Mello, Jeremy Ryan, Jing Deng, Brian J. Jian, Chris Corbett, Marti Goldenberg, Joseph R. Madsen, Ronglih Liao, Dominic M. Walsh, John M. Sedivy, Daniel J. Murphy, Daniel R. Carrasco, Shenandoah Robinson, Javid J. Moslehi, Anthony Letai,

DNA Repair Mechanisms

It is not understood why healthy tissues can exhibit varying levels of sensitivity to the same toxic stimuli. Using BH3 profiling, we find that mitochondria of many adult somatic tissues, including brain, heart, and kidneys, are profoundly refractory to pro-apoptotic signaling, leading to cellular resistance to cytotoxic chemotherapies and ionizing radiation. In contrast, mitochondria from these tissues in young mice and humans are primed for apoptosis, predisposing them to undergo cell death in response to genotoxic damage. While expression of the apoptotic protein machinery is nearly absent by adulthood, in young tissues its expression is driven by c-Myc, linking developmental growth to cell death. These differences may explain why pediatric cancer patients have a higher risk of developing treatment-associated toxicities.