The biogeography of Mediterranean cephalopods
2003; eScholarship Publishing, University of California; Volume: 24; Linguagem: Inglês
10.21426/b6110092
ISSN1594-7629
Autores Tópico(s)Genetic diversity and population structure
ResumoBiogeographia vol. XXIV - 2003 (Printed October, 31 st 2003) Marine biogeography of the Mediterranean Sea: patterns and dynamics of biodiversity The biogeography of Mediterranean cephalopods* GIAMBATTISTA BELLO Servizia Ittico Am/7z'e7zz‘zz[e, Proz/incizz zli Bzlri, Viz; Amenclolzz 189/B, £70126 Bari (Italy) *To the memory of Dr. Kit Nesis, who suddenly passed away in a cold winter day. He was a great cephalopod systematist and biogeographer, and a kind Man. Key words: Cephalopoda, Mediterranean Sea, distribution, alien species. evolution. SUMMARY This paper presents an updated picture of the Mediterranean teuthobiogeography. Sixty-five cephalopod species have been recorded in the Mediterranean, i.e., about 9% of the world teuthofauna, belonging to the following orders: Spirulida (1 species), Sepiida (4), Sepiolida (15). Teuthida (30), and Octopoda (15). Only 53 ofthem are represented by well established populations in this basin: all the others either have been very rarely collected or are recent occurrences, including cephalopods recently entered from the Atlantic Ocean and from the Red Sea through the Suez Canal. The width of the cephalopod horizontal distribution is discussed in relation to their modes of life and reproduction. In particular the in Jim speciation ofa flock of endemic or quasi-endemic sepioline species is attributed to certain body Features (small size, “locl;—and—l(eyq copulatory organs), reproductive strategies, short life span, and habitat. A concise history of the knowledge of the Mediterranean teuthoFauna is also illustrated. A list of the Mediterranean cephalopods is reported in Appendix I. INTRODUCTION Mangold and Boletzky (1988) published an essay on “Mediterranean Cephalopod Fauna”, which represents the first modern piece of literature dedicated to the biogeography of the Mediterranean cephalopods. In that paper the Mediterranean was dealt with in geological and paleogeographic contexts. In more recent years, new data have been accumulated on the distribution and, more important, on the taxonomy, ecology and reproductive biology of cephalopods living in the Mediterranean and the eastern Atlantic Ocean, producing a positive impact on the field of cephalopod biogeography (Boletzky, 1999).
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