Trace Elements in Vegetable Oils after Hydroconversion into Advanced-Generation Biocomponents
2017; American Chemical Society; Volume: 31; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b01310
ISSN1520-5029
AutoresŁ. Jęczmionek, Marek Kozák, Xymena Badura, Zbigniew Stępień, Leszek Ziemiański, Grażyna Żak, Wojciech Krasodomski, G. Wcisło,
Tópico(s)Catalysis and Hydrodesulfurization Studies
ResumoDirect hydroconversion of vegetable oils (by a one-stage process) and hydroconversion of vegetable oil zeoformates (by a two-stage process) lead to hydroraffinates that contain trace elements. The concentrations of these trace elements must be below the inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry determination limit, in accordance with the recommendations and requirements specified in the relevant legislation (Worldwide Fuel Charter). In this work, it was found that some trace elements (Na, Ca, Mg, and P) are deposited on the catalyst surface during the initial zeoforming of vegetable oils. At the same time, other ions (Al) can be removed by elution from the surface of the zeolite catalyst. During hydroconversion, most of the trace elements present in vegetable oils and zeoformates pass into the aqueous phase.
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