Mecanismos moleculares de inflamación durante las agudizaciones de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica
2011; Elsevier BV; Volume: 47; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1016/j.arbres.2010.12.003
ISSN1885-6195
AutoresAna Kersul, Amanda Iglesias, Ángel Ríos, Aina Noguera, Aina Forteza, Enrique Serra, Àlvar Agustí, Borja G. Cosío,
Tópico(s)Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
ResumoLas agudizaciones de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (AEPOC) se caracterizan por una respuesta inflamatoria pulmonar y sistémica, que persiste tiempo después de la resolución clínica. Los mecanismos de este proceso inflamatorio no son bien conocidos. Investigar los cambios inflamatorios y sus mecanismos durante las agudizaciones de la EPOC. Se determinaron las concentraciones de células inflamatorias en sangre y esputo, óxido nítrico en aire exhalado (FeNO), proteína C reactiva (PCR) en plasma, citocinas (interleucinas [IL] 6, 8, 1β, 10, 12, TNF-α) y SLPI (inhibidor de la leucoproteasa), marcadores de estrés oxidativo, la actividad del factor nuclear kappa B (NF-κB) y de la enzima histona deacetilasa (HDAC) a 17 pacientes durante una AEPOC, en fase estable y a 17 controles fumadores y 11 no fumadores. Las AEPOC se caracterizaron por presentar niveles elevados de FeNO (p < 0,05), PCR en plasma (p < 0,001) e IL-8, IL-1β, IL-10 en esputo (p < 0,05) y mayor activación de NF-κB en macrófagos de esputo en comparación con EPOC estable y controles. Durante la fase estable persisten niveles elevados de estrés oxidativo, SLPI, IL-8, IL-6 y TNF-alfa, sin objetivarse cambios en la actividad HDAC ni en la cantidad de neutrófilos en esputo a pesar de presentar una mejoría significativa (p < 0,05) de la función pulmonar. Durante las AEPOC se observan cambios en marcadores inflamatorios pulmonares y sistémicos que no se resuelven por completo en fase estable. El tratamiento actual no permite modificar la actividad HDAC lo que limita sus efectos antiinflamatorios. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by an inflammatory and systemic response that increases during exacerbations of the disease (ECOPD), although the mechanisms of this inflammatory process are not well known. To explore the inflammatory changes and possible mechanisms during ECOPD. We determined the inflammatory cell concentrations in blood and sputum, nitric oxide in exhaled air (FeNO), reactive C-reactive protein (CRP) in plasma, cytokines (IL-6, 8, 1β, 10, 12, TNF-α) and SLPI and total antioxidant activity (TAS) in blood and sputum, the activity of nuclear kappa B factor (NF-kB) and of the histone deacetylase enzymes (HDAC) in 17 patients during ECOPD, in stable phase and in 17 smoking controls and 11 non- smoking. ECOPD is characterised by higher levels of FeNO (P<.05), plasma CRP (P<.001) and IL-8, IL-1B, IL-10 in sputum (P<.05) compared with stable COPD and controls. The TAS levels in sputum were lower in the exacerbated than in stable phase (P<.05) although significantly higher than the controls (P<.05). These findings were accompanied by a greater activation of NF-kB in sputum macrophages during the ECOPD with no changes in the HDAC activity or in the number of neutrophils in sputum, and a statistically significant deterioration (P<.05) of lung function. Changes were observed in different pulmonary and systemic inflammatory markers during ECOPD, that were not completely resolved during stability. However, current treatment does not allow the modification of HDAC activity, which limits its anti-inflammatory effects.
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