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Numerical Study of the Influence of Phantom Material and Shape on the Calibration of Individual Dosemeters for Neutrons

1988; Oxford University Press; Volume: 23; Issue: 1-4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a080162

1742-3406

B. Bauer, R. Hollnagel, Bernd Siebert,

Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques

Abstract The use of appropriate phantoms for the calibration of individual neutron monitors is necessary, as the shape and the material of the phantom significantly influence the reading of such monitors. The International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) considers the ICRU sphere to be suitable. This in practice may be questionable. A systematic numerical study of the influence of various phantoms on the readings of thermoluminescent detectors (TLDs) and etched track detectors (TEDs) has been performed. Elliptical cylinders consisting of ICRU soft tissue or polyethylene and resembling the trunk of an exposed person, with or without a cavity simulating the lung volume, have been compared with the ICRU sphere. In certain irradiation situations the readings of dosemeters exposed on elliptical cylindrical phantoms can be appreciably higher than on the ICRU sphere. If fast neutrons cannot be neglected, it may be necessary to use an anthropomorphic calibration phantom for both albedo dosemeters and etched track detectors.