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First Report of Fruit Rot Caused by Phytophthora palmivora on Fig in Brazil
2017; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 101; Issue: 7 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1094/pdis-08-16-1143-pdn
ISSN1943-7692
AutoresA. F. dos Santos, Flávia Santos, Ricardo Mezzomo, Dauri José Tessmann, Louise Larissa May De Mio,
Tópico(s)Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
ResumoHomePlant DiseaseVol. 101, No. 7First Report of Fruit Rot Caused by Phytophthora palmivora on Fig in Brazil PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Fruit Rot Caused by Phytophthora palmivora on Fig in BrazilA. F. dos Santos, F. Santos, R. Mezzomo, D. J. Tessmann, and L. L. May De MioA. F. dos SantosSearch for more papers by this author, F. SantosSearch for more papers by this author, R. MezzomoSearch for more papers by this author, D. J. TessmannSearch for more papers by this author, and L. L. May De MioSearch for more papers by this authorAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations A. F. dos Santos , Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária-Embrapa Forestry, Laboratory of Forest Pathology, Colombo 83411-000, Paraná, Brazil F. Santos , Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil R. Mezzomo , Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil D. J. Tessmann , Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-090, Paraná, Brazil L. L. May De Mio , Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. Published Online:31 Mar 2017https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-08-16-1143-PDNAboutSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat In Brazil, figs (Ficus carica L.) are the third most exported fruit. In 2011, widespread fig fruit rot symptoms were first noticed for two consecutive years in commercial orchards in the cities of Colombo and Quatro Barras, Paraná state, southern Brazil, at an incidence of approximately 5%. Symptoms and signs first developed on fruit closer to the ground and consisted of brown, circular lesions with white surface mycelia. Isolations were made from symptomatic fruit fragments onto 2% water-agar medium containing ampicillin (80 ppm), chloramphenicol (40 ppm), and benomyl (40 ppm), and consistently yielded a Phytophthora spp. Two isolates from Colombo and Quatro Barras were purified through hyphal typing, and deposited in the mycological collection of the plant disease epidemiology laboratory of the Federal University of Paraná (accession nos. FigPhy01 and FigPhy02). Cultural features consisted of non-dense aerial mycelium with a slightly cottony and petaloid colony pattern on carrot agar (CA). Sporangia formed abundantly on CA and were ellipsoid, papillate, deciduous, and sympodial, with a L × W range of 39 to 60 × 21 to 36 μm (avg. 48 × 21 μm) and ratio from 1.4 to 1.8. Globose chlamydospores were terminal, measuring 33 to 45 µm (avg 33 µm). The isolates were identified as A1 mating type by pairing each isolate with known A1 (AN61) and A2 (AN65) tester strains of Phytophthora frigida. Antheridia were amphigynous and oospores globose, aplerotic. Optimum growth temperatures were between 24 and 28°C, with limited growth taking place at 8°C, and no growth occurring at 36°C on CA. Morphological characteristics resembled P. palmivora (E. J. Butler) E. J. Butler (Gallegly and Hong 2008). Identification of the two isolates was confirmed through sequence analyses of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) region. The sequences of the isolates (790 and 799 bp) were deposited in GenBank (KY357520 and KY357521) and had 100% similarity with P. palmivora, accession no. KT148925. Pathogenicity of the two isolates was determined using 20 detached fig fruits (2 weeks before harvest) with and without wounding (wounds made with a 1 mm diam. needle, 4 mm deep). All fruits were inoculated with 4 mm diameter discs obtained from P. palmivora colonies growing on CA for 4 days. Controls were inoculated with CA disks, and all fruits were kept in a moist chamber at 25°C and 90% humidity. The experiment was performed twice. Inoculated wounded and nonwounded fruits had an infection period (IP) of 3 and 4 days respectively, and symptoms as first observed in the field. Isolates did not differ in virulence, and no symptoms were observed on control fruit. P. palmivora was reisolated from infected fruits. This is the first confirmed report of fig fruit rot caused by P. palmivora in Brazil, but it has been reported in the United States (El-Gholl and Alfieri 1984), China (Zhang et al. 2013), Japan, Taiwan, and Australia (Erwin and Ribeiro 1996). The results of this study will contribute to the development of fruit rot management strategies in Brazil.References:El-Gholl, N. E., and Alfieri, S. A. 1984. Proc. Fla. State Hortic. Soc. 97:327. Google ScholarErwin, D. E., and Ribeiro, O. R. 1996. Phytophthora – Diseases worldwide. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN. Google ScholarGallegly, M. E., and Hong, C. 2008. Phytophthora: Identifying Species by Morphology and DNA Fingerprints. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN. Google ScholarZhang, C., et al. 2013. Plant Dis. 97:1252. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-02-13-0158-PDN Link, ISI, Google ScholarDetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 101, No. 7 July 2017SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Metrics Article History Issue Date: 20 Jun 2017Published: 31 Mar 2017First Look: 27 Feb 2017Accepted: 18 Feb 2017 Pages: 1331-1331 Information© 2017 The American Phytopathological SocietyCited byPhytophthora palmivora (coconut budrot)CABI Compendium, Vol. CABI CompendiumMorphologic, molecular, and pathogenic characterization of Phytophthora palmivora isolates causing flower rot on azalea26 May 2020 | Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, Vol. 51, No. 4First Report of Phytophthora palmivora Causing Black Pod on a Herrania sp. in BrazilJ. 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