A Classification and Outline of Cerebrovascular Diseases II
1975; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; Volume: 6; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1161/01.str.6.5.564
ISSN1524-4628
Tópico(s)Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
ResumoHomeStrokeVol. 6, No. 5A Classification and Outline of Cerebrovascular Diseases II Free AccessResearch ArticlePDF/EPUBAboutView PDFSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload citationsTrack citationsPermissions ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InMendeleyReddit Jump toFree AccessResearch ArticlePDF/EPUBA Classification and Outline of Cerebrovascular Diseases II Originally published1 Sep 1975https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.6.5.564Stroke. 1975;6:564–616 Previous Back to top Next FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByWhiteley W, MacRaild A, Wang Y, Dennis M, Al-Shahi Salman R, Gray A, Reed M, Graham C and Wardlaw J (2022) Clinical Diagnosis and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients With Transient and Minor Neurological Symptoms: A Prospective Cohort Study, Stroke, 53:11, (3419-3428), Online publication date: 1-Nov-2022. Contador I, Alzola P, Bermejo-Pareja F, del Ser T, Llamas-Velasco S, Fernández-Calvo B and Benito-León J Education and Literacy as Risk Factors of Dementia after Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack: NEDICES Study, Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 10.3233/JAD-220109, 88:1, (291-299) Easton J and Johnston S (2022) The Concept of Transient Ischemic Attack—Reply, JAMA, 10.1001/jama.2022.7630, 327:24, (2457), Online publication date: 28-Jun-2022. Kirshner H (2022) The Concept of Transient Ischemic Attack, JAMA, 10.1001/jama.2022.7627, 327:24, (2456), Online publication date: 28-Jun-2022. Dolcetti E, Bruno A and Centonze D (2022) Is transient ischemic attack a minor stroke?, Bleeding, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 10.4081/btvb.2022.31, 1:1 Ganesh A and Barber P (2022) The Cognitive Sequelae of Transient Ischemic Attacks—Recent Insights and Future Directions, Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10.3390/jcm11092637, 11:9, (2637) Easton J and Johnston S (2022) Time to Retire the Concept of Transient Ischemic Attack , JAMA, 10.1001/jama.2022.0300, 327:9, (813), Online publication date: 1-Mar-2022. Kalloniatis M, Wang H, Katalinic P, Ly A, Apel W, Nivison-Smith L and Kalloniatis K (2022) Ocular ischaemia: signs, symptoms, and clinical considerations for primary eye care practitioners, Clinical and Experimental Optometry, 10.1080/08164622.2021.1999771, 105:2, (117-134), Online publication date: 17-Feb-2022. Kelly D, Pendlebury S and Rothwell P (2022) Associations of Chronic Kidney Disease With Dementia Before and After TIA and Stroke, Neurology, 10.1212/WNL.0000000000013205, 98:7, (e711-e720), Online publication date: 15-Feb-2022. Arora Y, Walia P, Hayashibe M, Muthalib M, Chowdhury S, Perrey S, Dutta A and Berry H (2021) Grey-box modeling and hypothesis testing of functional near-infrared spectroscopy-based cerebrovascular reactivity to anodal high-definition tDCS in healthy humans, PLOS Computational Biology, 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009386, 17:10, (e1009386) Nakajima M, Inatomi Y, Ueda A, Ito Y, Kouzaki Y, Takita T, Wada K, Yonehara T, Terasaki T, Hashimoto Y and Ando Y (2021) Preceding direct oral anticoagulant administration reduces the severity of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation – K-PLUS registry, Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, 10.1016/j.jocn.2021.04.027, 89, (106-112), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2021. Jain P and Sardana V (2021) Assessment and Prognostic significance of renal dysfunction in acute stroke patients, IP Indian Journal of Neurosciences, 10.18231/j.ijn.2021.002, 7:1, (5-10), Online publication date: 28-Mar-2021. Tuna M and Rothwell P (2021) Diagnosis of non-consensus transient ischaemic attacks with focal, negative, and non-progressive symptoms: population-based validation by investigation and prognosis, The Lancet, 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31961-9, 397:10277, (902-912), Online publication date: 1-Mar-2021. Bala M, Celinska-Lowenhoff M, Szot W, Padjas A, Kaczmarczyk M, Swierz M and Undas A (2020) Antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents for secondary prevention of stroke and other thromboembolic events in people with antiphospholipid syndrome, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 10.1002/14651858.CD012169.pub3, 2020:10 Sim T, Tarini D, Dheen S, Bay B and Srinivasan D (2020) Nanoparticle-Based Technology Approaches to the Management of Neurological Disorders, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 10.3390/ijms21176070, 21:17, (6070) He L, Cheng G, Du Y and Zhang Y (2020) Importance of Persistent Right-to-Left Shunt After Patent Foramen Ovale Closure in Cryptogenic Stroke Patients, Texas Heart Institute Journal, 10.14503/THIJ-17-6582, 47:4, (244-249), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2020. Chadban S, Ahn C, Axelrod D, Foster B, Kasiske B, Kher V, Kumar D, Oberbauer R, Pascual J, Pilmore H, Rodrigue J, Segev D, Sheerin N, Tinckam K, Wong G and Knoll G (2020) KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline on the Evaluation and Management of Candidates for Kidney Transplantation, Transplantation, 10.1097/TP.0000000000003136, 104:4S1, (S11-S103), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2020. Pendlebury S, Poole D, Burgess A, Duerden J and Rothwell P (2020) APOE-ε4 Genotype and Dementia Before and After Transient Ischemic Attack and Stroke, Stroke, 51:3, (751-758), Online publication date: 1-Mar-2020. Liberman A, Skillings J, Greenberg P, Newman-Toker D and Siegal D (2019) Breakdowns in the initial patient-provider encounter are a frequent source of diagnostic error among ischemic stroke cases included in a large medical malpractice claims database, Diagnosis, 10.1515/dx-2019-0031, 7:1, (37-43), Online publication date: 28-Jan-2020., Online publication date: 1-Mar-2020. Gurley K, Edlow J and Stephen Huff J (2019) Avoiding Misdiagnosis in Patients With Posterior Circulation Ischemia: A Narrative Review, Academic Emergency Medicine, 10.1111/acem.13830, 26:11, (1273-1284), Online publication date: 1-Nov-2019. Yamanaka T (2019) Vertebro-basilar insufficiency: the origin and historical transitions11. 椎骨脳底動脈循環不全の原点と歴史的変遷, Equilibrium Research, 10.3757/jser.78.233, 78:4, (233-241), Online publication date: 31-Aug-2019. Oudeman E, Greving J, Hooghiemstra A, Brunner- La Rocca H, Biessels G and Kappelle L (2019) Nonfocal transient neurological attacks are related to cognitive impairment in patients with heart failure, Journal of Neurology, 10.1007/s00415-019-09376-z, 266:8, (2035-2042), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2019. Gritti P, Lanterna L, Ferri F, Brembilla C and Lorini F (2019) Neurosurgery: Cerebrovascular diseases Essentials of Geriatric Neuroanesthesia, 10.1201/9781351046473-7, (105-124) Gibson J and Jones S (2019) Reducing the Risk of Stroke Stroke Nursing, 10.1002/9781119581161.ch3, (53-74) Pendlebury S and Rothwell P (2019) Incidence and prevalence of dementia associated with transient ischaemic attack and stroke: analysis of the population-based Oxford Vascular Study, The Lancet Neurology, 10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30442-3, 18:3, (248-258), Online publication date: 1-Mar-2019. Khasanov I and Bogdanov E (2019) Significance of focal and nonfocal symptoms in the diagnostics of transient vertebrobasilar ischemic syndromes, Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova, 10.17116/jnevro201911905115, 119:5, (15), . Singh M, Mahal G and Chander R (2018) A Prospective Evaluation of Acute Cerebral Ischemic Stroke by Conventional and Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging Sequences, AMEI's Current Trends in Diagnosis & Treatment, 10.5005/jp-journals-10055-0043, 2:2, (77-81), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2018. Penn A, Bibok M, Saly V, Coutts S, Lesperance M, Balshaw R, Votova K, Croteau N, Trivedi A, Jackson A, Hegedus J, Klourfeld E, Yu A, Zerna C, Modi J, Barber P, Hoag G and Borchers C (2018) Validation of a proteomic biomarker panel to diagnose minor-stroke and transient ischaemic attack: phase 2 of SpecTRA, a large scale translational study, Biomarkers, 10.1080/1354750X.2018.1499130, 23:8, (793-803), Online publication date: 17-Nov-2018. Ntaios G, Sagris D, Gioulekas F, Galanis P, Pardali C, Vemmou A, Koroboki E, Papavasileiou V, Vassilopoulou S, Manios E, Makaritsis K, Spengos K, Mitsikostas D, Milionis H and Vemmos K (2018) 20-year trends of characteristics and outcomes of stroke patients with atrial fibrillation, International Journal of Stroke, 10.1177/1747493018772722, 13:7, (707-716), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2018. (2018) Epidemiology Transient Ischemic Attack and Stroke, 10.1017/9781316161609.002, (1-16) Edlow J (2018) Managing Patients With Transient Ischemic Attack, Annals of Emergency Medicine, 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2017.06.026, 71:3, (409-415), Online publication date: 1-Mar-2018. Nannucci S, Rinnoci V, Pracucci G, MacKinnon A, Pescini F, Adib-Samii P, Bianchi S, Dotti M, Federico A, Inzitari D, Markus H, Pantoni L and Fuh J (2018) Location, number and factors associated with cerebral microbleeds in an Italian-British cohort of CADASIL patients, PLOS ONE, 10.1371/journal.pone.0190878, 13:1, (e0190878) Lattanzi S, Carbonari L, Pagliariccio G, Bartolini M, Cagnetti C, Viticchi G, Buratti L, Provinciali L and Silvestrini M (2017) Neurocognitive functioning and cerebrovascular reactivity after carotid endarterectomy, Neurology, 10.1212/WNL.0000000000004862, 90:4, (e307-e315), Online publication date: 23-Jan-2018. Meyer I, Cereda C, Correia P, Zerlauth J, Puccinelli F, Rotzinger D, Amiguet M, Maeder P, Meuli R and Michel P (2017) Factors Associated With Focal Computed Tomographic Perfusion Abnormalities in Supratentorial Transient Ischemic Attacks, Stroke, 49:1, (68-75), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2018. Bentes C, Canhão P, Peralta A, Viana P, Fonseca A, Geraldes R, Pinho e Melo T, Paiva T and Ferro J (2018) Usefulness of EEG for the differential diagnosis of possible transient ischemic attack, Clinical Neurophysiology Practice, 10.1016/j.cnp.2017.10.001, 3, (11-19), . Donnini I, Rinnoci V, Nannucci S, Valenti R, Pescini F, Mariani G, Bianchi S, Dotti M, Federico A, Inzitari D and Pantoni L (2017) Pregnancy in CADASIL, Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 10.1111/ane.12784, 136:6, (668-671), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2017. Abbott A, Silvestrini M, Topakian R, Golledge J, Brunser A, de Borst G, Harbaugh R, Doubal F, Rundek T, Thapar A, Davies A, Kam A and Wardlaw J (2017) Optimizing the Definitions of Stroke, Transient Ischemic Attack, and Infarction for Research and Application in Clinical Practice, Frontiers in Neurology, 10.3389/fneur.2017.00537, 8 Bala M, Celinska-Lowenhoff M, Szot W, Padjas A, Kaczmarczyk M, Swierz M and Undas A (2017) Antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents for secondary prevention of stroke and other thromboembolic events in people with antiphospholipid syndrome, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 10.1002/14651858.CD012169.pub2 Radu R, Terecoasă E, Băjenaru O and Tiu C (2017) Etiologic classification of ischemic stroke: Where do we stand?, Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery, 10.1016/j.clineuro.2017.05.019, 159, (93-106), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2017. Lavallée P, Sissani L, Labreuche J, Meseguer E, Cabrejo L, Guidoux C, Klein I, Touboul P and Amarenco P (2017) Clinical Significance of Isolated Atypical Transient Symptoms in a Cohort With Transient Ischemic Attack, Stroke, 48:6, (1495-1500), Online publication date: 1-Jun-2017. Mokin M, Zivadinov R, Dwyer M, Lazar R, Hopkins L and Siddiqui A (2016) Transcatheter aortic valve replacement: perioperative stroke and beyond, Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 10.1080/14737175.2017.1253475, 17:4, (327-334), Online publication date: 3-Apr-2017. Sivakumar L, Riaz P, Kate M, Jeerakathil T, Beaulieu C, Buck B, Camicioli R and Butcher K (2016) White matter hyperintensity volume predicts persistent cognitive impairment in transient ischemic attack and minor stroke, International Journal of Stroke, 10.1177/1747493016676612, 12:3, (264-272), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2017. Degan D, Ornello R, Tiseo C, De Santis F, Pistoia F, Carolei A and Sacco S (2017) Epidemiology of Transient Ischemic Attacks Using Time- or Tissue-Based Definitions, Stroke, 48:3, (530-536), Online publication date: 1-Mar-2017. Duca A and Jagoda A (2016) Transient Ischemic Attacks, Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America, 10.1016/j.emc.2016.06.007, 34:4, (811-835), Online publication date: 1-Nov-2016. Edlow J and Cancelliere A (2016) Dizziness and vertigo in the geriatric population Geriatric Emergencies, 10.1002/9781118753262.ch17, (234-251) Bala M, Celinska-Lowenhoff M, Padjas A, Szot W, Undas A and Bala M (2016) Antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents for secondary prevention of stroke and other thromboembolic events in people with antiphospholipid syndrome Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 10.1002/14651858.CD012169 Arnold J, Sims D and Ferro C (2015) Modulation of stroke risk in chronic kidney disease, Clinical Kidney Journal, 10.1093/ckj/sfv136, 9:1, (29-38), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2016. van Rooij F, Tuladhar A, Kessels R, Vermeer S, Góraj B, Koudstaal P, Norris D, de Leeuw F and van Dijk E (2015) Cohort study ON Neuroimaging, Etiology and Cognitive consequences of Transient neurological attacks (CONNECT): study rationale and protocol, BMC Neurology, 10.1186/s12883-015-0295-3, 15:1, Online publication date: 1-Dec-2015. van Rooij F, Vermeer S, Góraj B, Koudstaal P, Richard E, de Leeuw F and van Dijk E (2015) Diffusion-weighted imaging in transient neurological attacks, Annals of Neurology, 10.1002/ana.24539, 78:6, (1005-1010), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2015. Sedova P, Brown R, Zvolsky M, Kadlecova P, Bryndziar T, Volny O, Weiss V, Bednarik J and Mikulik R (2015) Validation of Stroke Diagnosis in the National Registry of Hospitalized Patients in the Czech Republic, Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2015.04.019, 24:9, (2032-2038), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2015. Newman-Toker D and Edlow J (2015) TiTrATE, Neurologic Clinics, 10.1016/j.ncl.2015.04.011, 33:3, (577-599), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2015. Wang J, Wu J, Liu R, Gao F, Hu H and Yin X (2014) The ABCD 2 score is better for stroke risk prediction after anterior circulation TIA compared to posterior circulation TIA , International Journal of Neuroscience, 10.3109/00207454.2014.905777, 125:1, (50-55), Online publication date: 2-Jan-2015. Ntaios G, Papavasileiou V, Milionis H, Makaritsis K, Manios E, Spengos K, Michel P and Vemmos K (2014) Embolic Strokes of Undetermined Source in the Athens Stroke Registry, Stroke, 46:1, (176-181), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2015. Buchwald F, Ström J, Norrving B and Petersson J (2015) Validation of Diagnoses of Transient Ischemic Attack in the Swedish Stroke Register (Riksstroke) TIA-Module, Neuroepidemiology, 10.1159/000437266, 45:1, (40-43), . Ursin M, Ihle-Hansen H, Fure B, Tveit A and Bergland A (2014) Balance and mobility in acute stroke: Association with subgroups of stroke and socio-demographic characteristics, European Journal of Physiotherapy, 10.3109/21679169.2014.934280, 16:4, (230-237), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2014. Galvin R, Atanassova P, Motterlini N, Fahey T and Dimitrov B (2014) Long-term risk of stroke after transient ischaemic attack: a hospital-based validation of the ABCD2 rule, BMC Research Notes, 10.1186/1756-0500-7-281, 7:1, Online publication date: 1-Dec-2014. Ntaios G, Papavasileiou V, Makaritsis K, Milionis H, Manios E, Michel P, Lip G and Vemmos K (2014) Statin treatment is associated with improved prognosis in patients with AF-related stroke, International Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.09.031, 177:1, (129-133), Online publication date: 1-Nov-2014. Chen S, Zeng L and Hu Z (2014) Progressing haemorrhagic stroke: categories, causes, mechanisms and managements, Journal of Neurology, 10.1007/s00415-014-7291-1, 261:11, (2061-2078), Online publication date: 1-Nov-2014. Marafioti V, Turri G, Rossi A, Monaco S and Carbone V (2014) Prolonged QTc interval and insula in patients with ischemic stroke: Inductive or abductive reasoning?, International Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.07.226, 176:3, (1203-1204), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2014. Khashram M, Vasudevan T, Donnell A and Lewis D (2014) Correlation of ABCD2 Score with Degree of Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis: An Observational Pilot Study, Annals of Vascular Surgery, 10.1016/j.avsg.2013.08.007, 28:5, (1192-1196), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2014. Fonseca A, Brito D, e Melo T, Geraldes R, Canhão P, Caplan L and Ferro J (2013) N -Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide Shows Diagnostic Accuracy for Detecting Atrial Fibrillation in Cryptogenic Stroke Patients , International Journal of Stroke, 10.1111/ijs.12126, 9:4, (419-425), Online publication date: 1-Jun-2014. Wardlaw J, Brazzelli M, Miranda H, Chappell F, McNamee P, Scotland G, Quayyum Z, Martin D, Shuler K, Sandercock P and Dennis M (2014) An assessment of the cost-effectiveness of magnetic resonance, including diffusion-weighted imaging, in patients with transient ischaemic attack and minor stroke: a systematic review, meta-analysis and economic evaluation, Health Technology Assessment, 10.3310/hta18270, 18:27, (1-368) Brainin M (2014) Dizziness & Stroke, World Stroke Academy, 10.1002/wsa2.20025, 2:1, (4-6), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2014. Fonseca A, Matias J, e Melo T, Pires C, Geraldes R, Canhão P, Brito D and Ferro J (2013) Time course of NT-proBNP levels after acute ischemic stroke, Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 10.1111/ane.12112, 128:4, (235-240), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2013. Markus H, van der Worp H and Rothwell P (2013) Posterior circulation ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attack: diagnosis, investigation, and secondary prevention, The Lancet Neurology, 10.1016/S1474-4422(13)70211-4, 12:10, (989-998), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2013. Rutten-Jacobs L, Maaijwee N, Arntz R, Schoonderwaldt H, Dorresteijn L, van der Vlugt M, van Dijk E and de Leeuw F (2013) Long-term risk of recurrent vascular events after young stroke: The FUTURE study, Annals of Neurology, 10.1002/ana.23953, 74:4, (592-601), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2013. Wang D, Liu M, Lin S, Hao Z, Tao W, Chen X, Luan R and Dong W (2013) Stroke and rheumatic heart disease: A systematic review of observational studies, Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery, 10.1016/j.clineuro.2013.06.017, 115:9, (1575-1582), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2013. Carolei A, Pistoia F, Sacco S and Mohr J (2013) Temporary Is Not Always Benign: Similarities and Differences Between Transient Ischemic Attack and Angina, Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 10.1016/j.mayocp.2013.04.014, 88:7, (708-719), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2013. Compter A, Kappelle L, Algra A and van der Worp H (2013) Nonfocal Symptoms are More Frequent in Patients with Vertebral Artery than Carotid Artery Stenosis, Cerebrovascular Diseases, 10.1159/000348849, 35:4, (378-384), . Deltour S (2012) Accidente isquémico transitorio, EMC - Tratado de Medicina, 10.1016/S1636-5410(12)61140-4, 16:1, (1-8), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2012. Deltour S (2012) Accidente ischemico transitorio, EMC - AKOS - Trattato di Medicina, 10.1016/S1634-7358(12)60943-7, 14:1, (1-7), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2012. Galvin R, Geraghty C, Motterlini N, Dimitrov B and Fahey T (2011) Prognostic value of the ABCD2 clinical prediction rule: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Family Practice, 10.1093/fampra/cmr008, 28:4, (366-376), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2011. Lee K, Kim W, Na S, Heo J and Lee K (2011) Clinical significance of anti-annexin V antibody in acute cerebral ischemia, Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 10.1016/j.jns.2011.03.017, 305:1-2, (53-56), Online publication date: 1-Jun-2011. Vijayan J, Tai M, Ahmad A and Sharma V (2011) An Unhappy Patient following Successful Sonothrombolysis in Vertebrobasilar Thrombosis: Dilemma with Final Diagnosis, Journal of Neuroimaging, 10.1111/j.1552-6569.2010.00509.x, 21:2, (e173-e176), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2011. Fonseca A and Canhão P (2010) Diagnostic difficulties in the classification of transient neurological attacks, European Journal of Neurology, 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2010.03241.x, 18:4, (644-648), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2011. Leseche G, Alsac J, Castier Y, Fady F, Lavallee P, Mazighi M and Amarenco P (2011) Carotid endarterectomy in the acute phase of crescendo cerebral transient ischemic attacks is safe and effective, Journal of Vascular Surgery, 10.1016/j.jvs.2010.09.055, 53:3, (637-642), Online publication date: 1-Mar-2011. Deltour S (2011) Accident ischémique transitoire, EMC - Traité de médecine AKOS, 10.1016/S1634-6939(11)52296-3, 6:4, (1-8), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2011. Tripepi G, Mattace-Raso F, Rapisarda F, Stancanelli B, Malatino L, Witteman J, Zoccali C and Mallamaci F (2010) Traditional and nontraditional risk factors as predictors of cerebrovascular events in patients with end stage renal disease, Journal of Hypertension, 10.1097/HJH.0b013e32833eaf49, 28:12, (2468-2474), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2010. Parkhutik V, Lago A, Tembl J, Aparici F, Vazquez V and Mainar E (2009) Angioplasty and stenting of symptomatic and asymptomatic vertebral artery stenosis: to treat or not to treat, European Journal of Neurology, 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2009.02786.x, 17:2, (267-272), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2010. Srikanth V and Phan T (2010) Stroke Brocklehurst's Textbook of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, 10.1016/B978-1-4160-6231-8.10062-5, (484-497), . (2010) Cerebrovascular Disease Clinical Neurology, 10.1016/B978-0-7295-3935-7.10010-0, (201-231), . Maas M and Furie K (2009) Molecular biomarkers in stroke diagnosis and prognosis, Biomarkers in Medicine, 10.2217/bmm.09.30, 3:4, (363-383), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2009. de Lau L, den Hertog H, van den Herik E and Koudstaal P (2014) Predicting and preventing stroke after transient ischemic attack, Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 10.1586/ern.09.71, 9:8, (1159-1170), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2009. Jovin T, Demchuk A and Gupta R (2008) PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE, CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology, 10.1212/01.CON.0000275639.07451.e7, 14, (28-45), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2008. Lacombe M (2008) Histoire de la chirurgie carotidienne, Journal de Chirurgie, 10.1016/S0021-7697(08)74710-0, 145:6, (618-622), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2008. Fu Y, Sun J, Ma J, Geng X, Sun J, Liu J, Song Y and Chen S (2008) The neuroprotection of prodromal transient ischaemic attack on cerebral infarction, European Journal of Neurology, 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2008.02188.x, 15:8, (797-801), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2008. Liem A, van de Woestijne A, Roeters van Lennep H, Zwinderman A, van der Steeg W and Jukema J (2007) ApoB/A1 and LDL-C/HDL-C and the prediction of cardiovascular risk in statin-treated patients, Current Medical Research and Opinion, 10.1185/030079907X253906, 24:2, (359-364), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2008. SORIMACHI T, ITO Y, MORITA K and FUJII Y (2008) Thin-Section Diffusion-Weighted Imaging of the Infratentorium in Patients With Acute Cerebral Ischemia Without Apparent Lesion on Conventional Diffusion-Weighted Imaging, Neurologia medico-chirurgica, 10.2176/nmc.48.108, 48:3, (108-113), . Ruff N and Johnston S (2008) Chapter 23 Identification, risks, and treatment of transient ischemic attack Stroke Part II: Clinical Manifestations and Pathogenesis, 10.1016/S0072-9752(08)93023-2, (453-473), . Lavallée P, Meseguer E, Abboud H, Cabrejo L, Olivot J, Simon O, Mazighi M, Nifle C, Niclot P, Lapergue B, Klein I, Brochet E, Steg P, Lesèche G, Labreuche J, Touboul P and Amarenco P (2007) A transient ischaemic attack clinic with round-the-clock access (SOS-TIA): feasibility and effects, The Lancet Neurology, 10.1016/S1474-4422(07)70248-X, 6:11, (953-960), Online publication date: 1-Nov-2007. Cottin V, Chinet T, Lavolé A, Corre R, Marchand E, Reynaud-Gaubert M, Plauchu H and Cordier J (2007) Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia, Medicine, 10.1097/MD.0b013e31802f8da1, 86:1, (1-17), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2007. Lavallée P and Amarenco P (2007) Accident ischémique transitoire, La Presse Médicale, 10.1016/j.lpm.2006.10.021, 36:1, (134-141), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2007. Shaltoni H and Yatsu F (2007) Cerebrovascular Disease/Transient Ischemic Attack Cardiovascular Medicine, 10.1007/978-1-84628-715-2_92, (1911-1921), . Leow K and Murie J (2005) Cerebral angiography for cerebrovascular disease: The risks, British Journal of Surgery, 10.1002/bjs.1800750511, 75:5, (428-430), Online publication date: 8-Dec-2005. Lavallée P and Amarenco P (2005) Accident ischémique cérébral et rétinien transitoire, EMC - Neurologie, 10.1016/j.emcn.2004.10.006, 2:1, (1-16), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2005. Lavallée P and Amarenco P (2005) Accident ischémique cérébral et rétinien transitoire, EMC - Neurologie, 10.1016/S0246-0378(05)27711-4, 2:1, (1-11), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2005. Han D, Chang Y, Lu C and Wang T (2004) Comparison of disordered swallowing patterns in patients with recurrent cortical/subcortical stroke and first-time brainstem stroke, Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 10.1080/16501970410024163, -1:1, (1-1), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2004. Albers G, Caplan L, Easton J, Fayad P, Mohr J, Saver J and Sherman D (2002) Transient Ischemic Attack — Proposal for a New Definition, New England Journal of Medicine, 10.1056/NEJMsb020987, 347:21, (1713-1716), Online publication date: 21-Nov-2002. OLGA EMERY V, GILLIE E and SMITH J (2000) Interface between Vascular Dementia and Alzheimer Syndrome: Nosologic Redefinition, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06372.x, 903:1 VASCULAR FACT, (229-238), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2000. Sauvage J, Enaux M and Bories F (2000) Diagnóstico etiológico de los vértigos, EMC - Otorrinolaringología, 10.1016/S1632-3475(00)71952-7, 29:1, (1-17), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2000. Jönsson H, Johnsson P, Alling C, Westaby S and Blomquist S (1998) Significance of Serum S100 Release After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting, The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, 10.1016/S0003-4975(98)00229-X, 65:6, (1639-1644), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1998. Golledge J, Cuming R, Ellis M, Davies A and Greenhalgh R (2005) Carotid plaque characteristics and presenting symptom, British Journal of Surgery, 10.1046/j.1365-2168.1997.02846.x, 84:12, (1697-1701), Online publication date: 1-Dec-1997. Golledge J, Cuming R, Ellis M, Davies A and Greenhalgh R (1997) Carotid plaque characteristics and presenting symptom, British Journal of Surgery, 10.1002/bjs.1800841214, 84:12, (1697-1701), Online publication date: 1-Dec-1997. Lindberg O, Tilvis R, Strandberg T, Valvanne J, Sairanen S, Ehnholm C and Tuomilehto J (2015) Elevated Fasting Plasma Insulin in a General Aged Population: An Innocent Companion of Cardiovascular Diseases, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1997.tb05163.x, 45:4, (407-412), Online publication date: 1-Apr-1997. Thompson J (1997) Carotid surgery: The past is prologue, Journal of Vascular Surgery, 10.1016/S0741-5214(97)70329-X, 25:1, (131-140), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1997. Jørgensen H (1996) The Copenhagen Stroke Study experience, Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, 10.1016/S1052-3057(96)80020-6, 6:1, (5-16), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1996. Golledge J, Cuming R, Beattie D, Davies A and Greenhalgh R (1996) Influence of patient-related variables on the outcome of carotid endarterectomy, Journal of Vascular Surgery, 10.1016/S0741-5214(96)70152-0, 24:1, (120-126), Online publication date: 1-Jul-1996. Cinnamon J, Viroslav A and Dorey J (1995) CT and MRI diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease: Going beyond the pixels, Seminars in Ultrasound, CT and MRI, 10.1016/0887-2171(95)90019-5, 16:3, (212-236), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1995. Silva D, Lima M, Anghinah R and Lima J (1995) Mapeamento Cerebral, Revista Neurociências, 10.34024/rnc.1995.v3.9026, 3:1, (11-18) Jørgensen H, Nakayama H, Olsen T and Raaschou H (1994) Effect of blood pressure and diabetes on stroke in progression, The Lancet, 10.1016/S0140-6736(94)92757-X, 344:8916, (156-159), Online publication date: 1-Jul-1994. (1994) Guidelines for the management of transient ischemic attacks. From the Ad Hoc Committee on Guidelines for the Management of Transient Ischemic Attacks of the Stroke Council of the American Heart Association., Stroke, 25:6, (1320-1335), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1994.Feinberg W, Albers G, Barnett H, Biller J, Caplan L, Carter L, Hart R, Hobson R, Kronmal R and Moore W (1994) Guidelines for the management of transient ischemic attacks. From the Ad Hoc Committee on Guidelines for the Management of Transient Ischemic Attacks of the Stroke Council of the American Heart Association., Circulation, 89:6, (2950-2965), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1994. Perler B (1994) Vascular Disease in the Elderly Patient, Surgical Clinics of North America, 10.1016/S0039-6109(16)46236-5, 74:1, (199-216), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1994. Zvan B, Pecnik B and Pogacnik T (1994) Transient ischemic attacks, risk factors, and precerebral color doppler angiosonography, Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, 10.1016/S1052-3057(10)80179-X, 4:3, (161-165), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1994. Fisher C (1994) Cerebrovascular espial, Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, 10.1016/S1052-3057(10)80146-6, 4:1, (46-51), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1994. Chukwuma C and Tuomilehto J (1993) Diabetes and the risk of stroke, Journal of Diabetes and its Complications, 10.1016/S0002-9610(05)80253-3, 7:4, (250-262), Online publication date: 1-Oct-1993. Caplan L (1993) Terms describing brain ischemia by tempo are no longer useful: A polemic (with apologies to Shakespeare), Surgical Neurology, 10.1016/0090-3019(93)90117-J, 40:2, (91-95), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1993. Giovannoni G
Referência(s)