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First Report of Wilting, Root Rot, and Stunting Caused by Pythium aphanidermatum on Sweet Pepper ( Capsicum annuum ) in Southeastern Spain

2017; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 101; Issue: 6 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1094/pdis-11-16-1581-pdn

1943-7692

Miguel de Cara García, Ana Pérez-Hernández, A. Aguilera-Lirola, J. Gómez-Vázquez,

Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 101, No. 6First Report of Wilting, Root Rot, and Stunting Caused by Pythium aphanidermatum on Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum) in Southeastern Spain PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Wilting, Root Rot, and Stunting Caused by Pythium aphanidermatum on Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum) in Southeastern SpainM. de Cara, A. Pérez-Hernández, A. Aguilera-Lirola, and J. Gómez-VázquezM. de Cara, A. Pérez-Hernández, A. Aguilera-Lirola, and J. Gómez-VázquezAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations M. de Cara A. Pérez-Hernández , IFAPA-Centro La Mojonera, Camino San Nicolás, 1, 04745, La Mojonera-Almería, Spain A. Aguilera-Lirola , S.C.A. Campoadra, 04779, Adra, Spain J. Gómez-Vázquez , IFAPA-Centro La Mojonera, 04745, La Mojonera-Almería, Spain. Published Online:7 Apr 2017https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-11-16-1581-PDNAboutSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat From August to November 2014, stunting and root rot were observed on sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum) grown in different commercial greenhouses covering a surface area of 13,200 m2 in Almería Province in southeast Spain, where sweet pepper is a main crop (around 10,000 ha). The first symptoms developed at different stages, from 14 to 40 days after transplanting, on less than 20% of the total plants. Affected plants showed reduced growth and wilting, brown discoloration, water-soaking, and soft rot. A Pythium sp. was consistently isolated from the roots of plants on PDA and CMA amended with pimaricin, ampicillin, and rifampicin (P5ARP). Seven single-hyphal purified isolates were identified morphologically (Van der Plaats-Niterink 1981). All isolates produced intercalary and terminal antheridia, oogonia (21-(24)-27 μm in diam.), oospores (17-(19)-22 μm in diam.), and zoospores in toruloid sporangia. Cardinal temperatures were 10-(28-34)-40°C. Daily growth rate on PDA at 25°C was 15 mm. Molecular identification was performed by sequencing amplicons of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) rDNA using universal primers ITS5 and ITS4 (White et al. 1990). The 798-bp segments for all seven isolates were identical, and in a GenBank BLAST analysis had 99.87% identity with a Pythium aphanidermatum sequence (AY598622) (LéVesque and de Cock 2004). The sequence of isolate MI0142 was deposited in GenBank as accession KY052059. Pathogenicity of all seven isolates was confirmed by inoculating sweet pepper plants in two separate tests carried out in the summers of 2015 and 2016 in the same semicontrolled environment greenhouse (19.3-(26.2)-38.3°C, 2015; 17.6-(29.3)-39.8°C, 2016). Four plants cv. Melchor grown in pairs in 1-liter pots containing vermiculite, were inoculated at the 4 to 6 true leaf stage by drenching pots with 50 ml of a mycelial suspension, obtained by growing isolates on PDA in 9 cm Petri dishes until they fully covered the surface, then blending and homogenizing mycelium in 200 ml sterile distilled water. Noninoculated plants served as controls. There were four replicates per isolate, randomly distributed in blocks. Plants were maintained in the greenhouse for 40 days post inoculation. Symptoms first developed for at least one plant of each isolate 4 days after inoculation, in both tests. After 40 days, all inoculated plants showed brown roots and stunting (dry weights of inoculated plants were 17 to 35% of the controls). Only a few inoculated plants died. Control plants remained asymptomatic. P. aphanidermatum was reisolated from symptomatic plants, while Pythium was not obtained from control plants. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. aphanidermatum causing disease on C. annuum in Spain. This disease has been previously reported in Italy, Australia, and the United States (Garibaldi et al. 2014; Stirling et al. 2004). As symptoms described are similar to those caused by Phytophthora capsici, a common pepper soilborne pathogen, P. aphanidermatum should be considered as a target pathogen for diagnostic purposes in southern Spain.References:Garibaldi, A., et al. 2014. Plant Dis. 98:854. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-11-13-1148-PDN Link, ISI, Google ScholarLéVesque, C. A., and de Cock, A. W. A. M. 2004. Mycol. Res. 108:1363. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0953756204001431 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarStirling, G. R., et al. 2004. Australas. Plant Pathol. 33:357. https://doi.org/10.1071/AP04030 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarVan der Plaats-Niterink, A. J. 1981. Stud. Mycol. 21:1. Google ScholarWhite, T. J., et al. 1990. Page 315 in: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego. Crossref, Google ScholarThis research was financially supported by ERDF and ESF through the research project PP.AVA.AVA201601.7 and the fellowship granted to M. de Cara by IFAPA.DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 101, No. 6 June 2017SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Metrics Article History Issue Date: 17 May 2017Published: 7 Apr 2017First Look: 6 Mar 2017Accepted: 24 Feb 2017 Pages: 1059-1059 InformationThis article is in the public domain and not copyrightable. It may be freely reprinted with customary crediting of the source. The American Phytopathological Society, 2017.Cited byMorphological and molecular characterization of Pythium species from Punjab, Pakistan7 March 2023 | Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, Vol. 56, No. 4Pythium aphanidermatum (damping-off)CABI Compendium, Vol. CABI CompendiumFirst report of root rot of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) caused by Pythium aphanidermatum in JapanJapanese Journal of Phytopathology, Vol. 87, No. 2Pythium Damping-Off and Root Rot of Capsicum annuum L.: Impacts, Diagnosis, and Management13 April 2021 | Microorganisms, Vol. 9, No. 4