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Legume consumption is inversely associated with type 2 diabetes incidence in adults: A prospective assessment from the PREDIMED study

2017; Elsevier BV; Volume: 37; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.clnu.2017.03.015

1532-1983

Nerea Becerra‐Tomás, Andrés Díaz‐López, Núria Rosique-Esteban, Emilio Ros, Pilar Buil‐Cosiales, Dolores Corella, Ramón Estruch, Montserrat Fitó, Lluís Serra‐Majem, Fernando Arós, Rosa M. Lamuela‐Raventós, Miquel Fiol, José Manuel Santos‐Lozano, Javier Díez‐Espino, Olga Portolés, Jordi Salas‐Salvadó, Mercè Serra‐Mir, Ana Pérez-Heras, Carles Viñas, Rosa Casas, A. Medina-Renom, Jacinto Baena, Montse García, M. Oller, Jordi Delás, I. Duaso, Y. García, Carmen Iglésias, C. Simón, Ll. Quinzavos, L. Parra, M. Liroz, Jaume Benavent, J. Clos, Indira Plá, M. Amorós, Mercedes Bonet, M.T. Martín, María S. Guillem, J. Altirriba, E. Manzano, A. Altés, Montserrat Cofán, Cinta Valls‐Pedret, Aleix Sala‐Vila, Mónica Doménech, Mònica Bulló, Nancy Babió, Josep Basora, R. González, C. Molina, Francisco Carlos López-Márquez, Pablo Pérez‐Martínez, Nerea Pérez Ibarrola, M.L. Sorli, J Roselló, Antoni Castro, F. Martin, N. Tort, A. Isach, Marta Guasch‐Ferré, Joan Vila, Gaspar Mestres, Francesco Paris, M. Llauradó, Roser Pedret, J. Basells, Jesús Vizcaíno, Rafael Segarra, Joan Frigola, J. Costa-Vizcaino, Albert Salas‐Huetos, J. Boj, Dolors Montañés, Christopher Papandreou, Joan Fernández‐Ballart, Paula Carrasco, Carolina Ortega‐Azorín, Eva M. Asensio, R. Osma, Rocío Barragán, F. Francés, Marisa Guillén, José I. González, Carmen Sáiz, Olga Portolés, F.J. Giménez, Óscar Coltell, Rebeca Fernández-Carrión, Patricia Guillem‐Sáiz, I. González-Monje, Laura Quiles, Vicente Pascual, Cristina Riera, M Pagès, Daniela Godoy, Arturo Carratalá, S. Sánchez-Navarro, C. Valero-Barceló, Susana Tello, Joan Vila, Rafael de la Torre, Daniel Muñoz‐Aguayo, Roberto Elosúa, Jaume Marrugat, Helmut Schröder, Nerea M. Molina, Elena Moreno, Adela Rovira, Olga Castañer, Magı́ Farré, Estefanía Toledo, Miguel Ruiz‐Canela, B. Sanjulián, Ana Sánchez‐Tainta, Sonia Eguaras, Amelia Martí, Pilar Buil‐Cosiales, Manuel Serrano-Martínez, Javier Díez‐Espino, Ana García‐Arellano, Elena H. Martínez‐Lapiscina, E. Goñi, Zenaida Vázquez‐Ruiz, N. Berrade, V. Extremera‐Urabayen, C. Arroyo‐Azpa, Luis‐Emilio García‐Pérez, J. Villanueva‐Tellería, F. Cortés‐Ugalde, T. Sagredo‐Arce, Ma D. Vigata‐López, M. T. Arceiz Campo, A. Urtasun‐Samper, Ma Victoria Güeto Rubio, B. Churio‐Beraza, Fernando Arós, Itziar Salaverria‐Lete, T. del Hierro, Jaime Algorta, Saionara Cristina Francisco, Ángel M. Alonso‐Gómez, E. Sanz, Javier Rekondo, M Bello, A Loma-Osorio, Enrique Gómez‐Gracia, Julia Wärnberǵ, R. Benítez Pont, Maria Alba, Ricardo Gómez‐Huelgas, Javier Martínez, Vanessa Garcia, J. de Diego Salas, Alvaro Osorio, J. Gil Zarzosa, J.J. Sánchez Luque, E. Vargas López, Valentina Ruiz‐Gutiérrez, Javier S. Perona, E. Romero, M. García-García, Enrique Jurado‐Ruiz, Miquel Fiol, Dora Romaguera, M. García‐Valdueza, Manuel Moñino, Susana Munuera, Michael J. De Vivo, F. Bestard, J.A. Munar, Lluc Coll, Ana M. Proenza, Rafael Prieto, G. Frontera, Francisca Fiol, M. Ginard, A. Jover, Julio Bobes, José Manuel Santos‐Lozano, Manuel Ortega‐Calvo, L. Mellado, Franscisco J. Garcia-Corte, P. Román, Pablo A. Iglesias, Y. Corchado, L. Miró-Moriano, C. Domínguez-Espinaco, Jesus Manuel Lozano-Rodríguez, Sergio Vaquero-Díaz, Mònica Sabater, A.I. Castellote-Bargalló, Paola Quifer‐Rada, Anna Tresserra‐Rimbau, Jacqueline Álvarez-Pérez, Elena María Díaz-Benítez, Almudena Sánchez‐Villegas, L. T. Casañas-Quintana, J. Pérez‐Cabrera, Cristina Ruano-Rodríguez, Inmaculada Bautista-Castaño, F. Sarmiento de la Fe, Josep Pastor, Beatriz Vanessa Díaz-González, José Manuel Castillo Anzalas, Rosa Esther Sosa-Also, J. Medina-Ponce, E. de la Cruz, Marta Fanlo‐Maresma, A. Galera, F. Trias, I. Sarasa, Emili Corbella, Xavier Corbella, Carmen Cabezas, Ernest Vinyoles, M.A. Rovira, Lorena García, Gema Flores, José María Verdú-Rotellar, Poornima Baby, Anna Ramos, Lourdes Mengual, Pilar Roura, María Concepción Ayuso Yuste, A. Guarner, Milton Santamaría, M. Mata, C. de Juan, Antonio Sanz Brau, Josep A. Tur, María P. Portillo, Guillermo T. Sáez, Fernando Arós, M. Aldamiz-Echevarría, Ángel M. Alonso‐Gómez, Jesús Berjón, Luis Forga, Javier González Gallego, Alfredo Garcı́a-Layana, Amparo Larrauri, Joseba Portu-Zapirain, J. Timiraus-Fernández,

Diet and metabolism studies

Legumes, a low-energy, nutrient-dense and low glycemic index food, have shown beneficial effects on glycemic control and adiposity. As such, legumes are widely recommended in diabetic diets, even though there is little evidence that their consumption protects against type 2 diabetes. Therefore the aim of the present study was to examine the associations between consumption of total legumes and specific subtypes, and type 2 diabetes risk. We also investigated the effect of theoretically substituting legumes for other protein- or carbohydrate-rich foods.Prospective assessment of 3349 participants in the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) study without type 2 diabetes at baseline. Dietary information was assessed at baseline and yearly during follow-up. We used Cox regression models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for type-2 diabetes incidence according to quartiles of cumulative average consumption of total legumes, lentils, chickpeas, dry beans and fresh peas.During a median follow-up of 4.3 years, 266 new cases of type 2 diabetes occurred. Individuals in the highest quartile of total legume and lentil consumption had a lower risk of diabetes than those in the lowest quartile (HR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.43, 0.96; P-trend = 0.04; and HR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.46-0.98; P-trend = 0.05, respectively). A borderline significant association was also observed for chickpeas consumption (HR 0.68; 95% CI: 0.46, 1.00; P-trend = 0.06). Substitutions of half a serving/day of legumes for similar servings of eggs, bread, rice or baked potato was associated with lower risk of diabetes incidence.A frequent consumption of legumes, particularly lentils, in the context of a Mediterranean diet, may provide benefits on type 2 diabetes prevention in older adults at high cardiovascular risk.The trial is registered at http://www.controlled-trials.com (ISRCTN35739639). Registration date: 5th October 2005.