Bioética Global y Ética Biocultural
2016; Q106286904; Volume: 27; Issue: 91 Linguagem: Espanhol
ISSN
2386-3773
Autores Tópico(s)Environmental and Cultural Studies in Latin America and Beyond
ResumoespanolLa etica biocultural recupera una comprension de los vinculos vitales entre los habitos de vida de los co-habitantes (humanos y otros-que-humanos) que comparten un habitat. El marco formal de las “3Hs” de la etica biocultural nos entrega una herramienta conceptual y metodologica para comprender y tambien para administrar de mejor manera sistemas ecosociales o bioculturales en las heterogeneas regiones del planeta. A partir de la bioetica global originalmente propuesta por V.R. Potter, la integracion de teoria y praxis impulsada por Alfredo Pradenas en la Sociedad de Bioetica de Chile, y el marco conceptual de la etica biocultural (incluyendo tradiciones de pensamiento filosofico, cientifico y amerindio), realizo un analisis comparativo sobre: (i) una concepcion ecosistemica e intercultural del cuerpo humano, (ii) una comprension intercultural de la salud con practicas complementarias de medicina amerindia y occidental, y (iii) un aprecio y respeto por los vinculos fundamentales entre los habitos de vida, los habitats donde tienen lugar, y el bienestar e identidad de las comunidades de cohabitantes. Los vinculos implicitos en las “3Hs” de la etica biocultural estan presentes en los significados primigenios del termino ethos. Esta comprension recupera una raiz primaria en la genesis de la etica occidental, que no surgio acotada al como habitar o morar humano, sino que considero tambien el donde habitar y con quienes co-habitar. Propongo restaurar la complejidad y amplitud del concepto de etica fraguado en la Antigua Grecia, reafirmar las raices comunes de la bioetica y la etica ambiental contenidas en la bioetica global potteriana, e incorporar la perspectiva sistemica y contextual de la etica biocultural que valora la diversidad biologica y cultural (y sus interrelaciones), para sostener una concepcion de la salud humana interconectada con la sustentabilidad de la biosfera. EnglishThe biocultural ethic recovers an understanding of the vital links between the life habits of the coinhabitants (humans and other-than-human) that share a habitat. The “3Hs” formal framework of the biocultural ethics provides a conceptual and methodological tool to understand and to better manage complex eco-social or biocultural systems in heterogeneous regions of the planet. From the global bioethics originally proposed by V.R. Potter, the integration of theory and praxis promoted by Alfredo Pradenas in the Bioethics Society of Chile, and the conceptual framework of biocultural ethics (including traditions of philosophical thought, scientific and Amerindians), I develop a comparative analysis of: (i) an ecosystemic and intercultural concept of the human body, (ii) an intercultural understanding of health with complementary Western and Native American medicinal practices, and (iii) an appreciation and respect for the fundamental links among the life habits, the habitats where they take place, and the well-being and identity of the communities of cohabitants. Implicit links in the “3Hs” biocultural ethics are present in the archaic meanings of the term ethos. This understanding retrieves a primordial root in the genesis of Western ethics, which did not start bounded to how to inhabit or dwell, but also considered where to inhabit and with whom to co-inhabit. I propose to restore the complexity and breadth of the concept of ethics originated in Ancient Greece, to reaffirm the common roots of bioethics and environmental ethics contained in Potter’s global bioethics, and to incorporate the systemic and contextual perspective of the biocultural ethic that values biological and cultural diversity (and their interrelationships), to sustain a conception of human health interconnected with the sustainability of the biosphere.
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