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Proximate and Chemical Analysis of Gluten-free Enriched, Resistant Starch Type 3 from Maranta arundinacea Flour and its Potential as a Functional Food

2017; Asian Network for Scientific Information; Volume: 16; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês

10.3923/pjn.2017.322.330

1994-7984

Mutiara Nugraheni, Badraningsih Lastariwat, Sutriyati Purwanti,

Polysaccharides Composition and Applications

Background: Maranta arundinacea is a local tuber grown in Indonesia that is used as a source of carbohydrates.Maranta arundinacea flour modifications may increase levels of resistant starch, thereby increasing the functional properties of gluten-free flour.Materials and Methods: In this study, Maranta arundinacea flour was modified by 3-cycle autoclaving-cooling and then, three types of gluten-free enriched, resistant starch type 3 were identified, namely; high fiber, high protein and self-rising.These were evaluated in terms of chemical composition and ability to manage glucose, lipids and short-chain fatty acids in healthy mice.Results: The modified Maranta arundinacea flour increased the levels of resistant starch to 104.65%.The high-fiber flour was rich in dietary fiber as well as soluble dietary fiber (1.88±0.10%),insoluble dietary fiber (15.73±0.13%)and total dietary fiber (17.61±0.08%).The high-protein flour contained 14.43±0.02%protein.Self-rising flour was at ash level, indicating high levels of minerals.The consumption of the three types of gluten-free flour enriched with resistant starch type 3 from Maranta arundinacea flour kept glucose and lipids (total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein) under normal conditions.The dominant short-chain fatty acids were acetate, propionate and butyrate.Conclusion: This study indicates that gluten-free enriched resistant, starch type 3 flour from Maranta arundinacea can help keep glucose and lipids under normal conditions, suggesting its potential use as a functional food, especially in people who have difficulties in managing glucose and lipid profiles.