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Математическое моделирование запасов гумуса в почве при использовании органических отходов

2014; Linguagem: Inglês

1996-4277

Тиньгаев Анатолий Владимирович,

Marine and environmental studies

The existing models that forecast soil humus reserves do not adequately reflect the processes of humus formation and accumulation in the “organic wastes-soil-plant” system. We have developed a model which, along with the humification of previously applied organic matter, takes into account the accumulation of the organic matter which has not undergone humification yet. This seems a very important point, since the model enables substantiating the frequency and waste application rates, preventing the deterioration of soil properties and groundwater contamination. The model adequacy was verified by the data provided by the Altai Branch of the NIISSV “Progress” (Research Institute for Agricultural Use of Wastewater); the data dealt with the effect of sewage sludge application (annual application rate of 20 t ha) on the meadow-chernozems of the Rubtsovsk District of the Altai Region. The sewage sludge of the city of Rubtsovsk was characterized by the following: organic matter content 51.7%, total nitrogen 0.92%, total phosphorus 0.43%, and total potassium 0.84%. The soils in question were low-humus and medium loamy. The forecast on humus reserve in the soil of the Rubtsovsk District when using sewage sludge as fertilizer during the first 4 years showed increasing humus content up to the 7th year, and then the decrease was forecasted. During 4 years the soil accumulates non-humified wastes and soil contamination occurs. The deviation of the factual data from the forecasted data was less than 5%. In order to comply with environmental requirements, the forecast on humus reserve change was made at a regular sewage sludge application once in four years at a rate of 20 t ha. The calculation shows that the application of sewage sludge once in four years does not cause the accumulation of undecomposed sewage sludge in the meadow chernozem of the Rubtsovsk District.