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Differential failure to deactivate the default mode network in unipolar and bipolar depression

2017; Wiley; Volume: 19; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1111/bdi.12517

1399-5618

Elena Rodríguez‐Cano, Sílvia Alonso-Lana, Salvador Sarró, Paloma Fernández‐Corcuera, José Manuel Goikolea, Eduard Vieta, Teresa Maristany, Raymond Salvador, Peter J. McKenna, Edith Pomarol‐Clotet,

Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications

Objectives Neuroimaging studies have revealed evidence of brain functional abnormalities in bipolar depressive disorder ( BDD ) and major depressive disorder ( MDD ). However, few studies to date have compared these two mood disorders directly. Methods Matched groups of 26 BDD type I patients, 26 MDD patients and 26 healthy controls underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging ( fMRI ) while performing the n‐back working memory task. A whole‐brain ANOVA was used to compare the three groups and clusters of significant difference were examined further using region‐of‐interest ( ROI ) analysis. Results The whole‐brain ANOVA revealed a single cluster of significant difference in the medial frontal cortex. The BDD and MDD patients both showed failure to deactivate in this area compared to the controls. The BDD patients showed significantly greater failure of deactivation than the MDD patients, which was not accounted for by differences in severity or chronicity of illness between them. Conclusions Failure of deactivation, considered to reflect default mode network dysfunction, is present to a greater extent in bipolar than unipolar depression. The study of this network may be useful in the search for brain markers that distinguish the two disorders.